महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-60, verse-18

मोघं तवेदं भुवि नामधेयं दुर्योधनेतीह कृतं पुरस्तात् ।
न हीह दुर्योधनता तवास्ति पलायमानस्य रणं विहाय ॥१८॥

18. moghaṁ tavedaṁ bhuvi nāmadheyaṁ; duryodhanetīha kṛtaṁ purastāt ,
na hīha duryodhanatā tavāsti; palāyamānasya raṇaṁ vihāya.

18. moghaṃ tava idaṃ bhuvi nāmadheyaṃ
duryodhana iti iha kṛtaṃ
purastāt na hi iha duryodhanatā tava
asti palāyamānasya raṇaṃ vihāya

18. This name 'Duryodhana' (meaning "difficult to fight"), which was given to you on earth in the past, is now meaningless. For indeed, there is no 'Duryodhana-ness' in you, who are abandoning the battle and fleeing.

Words meanings summery:

• मोघं (moghaṁ) - vain, useless, fruitless

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• इदं (idaṁ) - this

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

• नामधेयं (nāmadheyaṁ) - name, appellation

• दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - The name itself is being quoted and discussed. (Duryodhana (proper name, meaning 'difficult to fight'))

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• कृतं (kṛtaṁ) - made, done, given

• पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - formerly, in the past, before

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• इह (iha) - Refers to the current situation of Duryodhana's flight. (here, in this case)

• दुर्योधनता (duryodhanatā) - The quality of being 'difficult to fight', which Duryodhana's name implies. (the state of being Duryodhana, difficult to fight-ness)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• पलायमानस्य (palāyamānasya) - Refers to Duryodhana's current state. (of one who is fleeing, of the fleeing one)

• रणं (raṇaṁ) - battle, war

• विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned, leaving behind

Words meanings and morphology

मोघं (moghaṁ) - vain, useless, fruitless

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mogha

mogha - vain, useless, fruitless, empty

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective to 'Nāmadheyaṃ'.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive for 'Nāmadheyaṃ'.

इदं (idaṁ) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to 'Nāmadheyaṃ'.

भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, world

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Location where the name was given.

नामधेयं (nāmadheyaṁ) - name, appellation

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nāmadheya

nāmadheya - name, appellation, designation

compound of nāman (name) and dheya (that which is to be held or designated)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāman+dheya)

• nāman – name
  noun (neuter)
• dheya – to be held, to be assigned, name
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  from root dhā (to place, to bear)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - The name itself is being quoted and discussed. (Duryodhana (proper name, meaning 'difficult to fight'))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava, literally 'difficult to fight')

Prefix: dur

Root: yudh (class 4)

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the quoted name.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place/context.

कृतं (kṛtaṁ) - made, done, given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, given, established

Past Passive Participle

from root kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'Nāmadheyaṃ'.

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - formerly, in the past, before

(indeclinable)

from puras (before) + -tāt (adverbial suffix)

Note: Adverb of time, modifying 'kṛtaṃ'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle for the second clause.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

इह (iha) - Refers to the current situation of Duryodhana's flight. (here, in this case)

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनता (duryodhanatā) - The quality of being 'difficult to fight', which Duryodhana's name implies. (the state of being Duryodhana, difficult to fight-ness)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of duryodhanatā

duryodhanatā - the state or quality of being Duryodhana (difficult to fight)

from duryodhana + -tā (abstract suffix)

Prefix: dur

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'asti'.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive for 'Duryodhanatā'.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

present

from root as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the second clause.

पलायमानस्य (palāyamānasya) - Refers to Duryodhana's current state. (of one who is fleeing, of the fleeing one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of palāyamāna

palāyamāna - fleeing, running away

Present Middle Participle

from root palāy (to flee)

Prefix: palā

Root: ay (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implicit 'of you' (Duryodhana).

रणं (raṇaṁ) - battle, war

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vihāya'.

विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned, leaving behind

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root hā (to abandon) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'palāyamānasya'.