महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-60, verse-13

ततो गजे राजनि चैव भिन्ने भग्ने विकर्णे च सपादरक्षे ।
गाण्डीवमुक्तैर्विशिखैः प्रणुन्नास्ते योधमुख्याः सहसापजग्मुः ॥१३॥

13. tato gaje rājani caiva bhinne; bhagne vikarṇe ca sapādarakṣe ,
gāṇḍīvamuktairviśikhaiḥ praṇunnā;ste yodhamukhyāḥ sahasāpajagmuḥ.

13. tataḥ gaje rājani ca eva bhinne
bhagne vikarṇe ca sapādarākṣe
gāṇḍīvamuktaiḥ viśikhaiḥ praṇunnāḥ
te yodhamukhyāḥ sahasā apajagmuḥ

13. Then, with the king's elephant struck and Vikarna, along with his attendants, defeated, those chief warriors, pierced by arrows released from the Gāṇḍīva (bow), suddenly fled.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereafter, therefore

• गजे (gaje) - when the elephant was... (in the elephant)

• राजनि (rājani) - of the king (referring to the king's elephant, Duryodhana's elephant) (in the king)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, even

• भिन्ने (bhinne) - struck down, wounded (referring to the elephant) (broken, split, pierced, struck)

• भग्ने (bhagne) - (when) defeated (referring to Vikarna) (broken, defeated, routed, shattered)

• विकर्णे (vikarṇe) - when Vikarna was... (in Vikarna)

• च (ca) - and, also

• सपादराक्षे (sapādarākṣe) - along with his attendants (describing Vikarna) (with his attendants, with foot-guards)

• गाण्डीवमुक्तैः (gāṇḍīvamuktaiḥ) - released from the Gāṇḍīva (bow)

• विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• प्रणुन्नाः (praṇunnāḥ) - struck, propelled, impelled, pierced

• ते (te) - those, they

• योधमुख्याः (yodhamukhyāḥ) - chief warriors, leading warriors

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, at once

• अपजग्मुः (apajagmuḥ) - they fled, they went away

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereafter, therefore

(indeclinable)

गजे (gaje) - when the elephant was... (in the elephant)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gaja

gaja - elephant

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction.

राजनि (rājani) - of the king (referring to the king's elephant, Duryodhana's elephant) (in the king)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Root: rāṃj

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction, possibly implying possession (king's elephant).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

भिन्ने (bhinne) - struck down, wounded (referring to the elephant) (broken, split, pierced, struck)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhinna

bhinna - broken, pierced, split, separated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhid' (to split, break).

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'gaje'.

भग्ने (bhagne) - (when) defeated (referring to Vikarna) (broken, defeated, routed, shattered)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhagna

bhagna - broken, defeated, destroyed, routed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhañj' (to break, shatter).

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'vikarṇe'.

विकर्णे (vikarṇe) - when Vikarna was... (in Vikarna)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vikarṇa

vikarṇa - Vikarna (name of a Kuru prince)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सपादराक्षे (sapādarākṣe) - along with his attendants (describing Vikarna) (with his attendants, with foot-guards)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sapādarākṣa

sapādarākṣa - with foot-guards, with attendants

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+pādarākṣa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix for Bahuvrihi compounds.
• pādarākṣa – foot-guard, attendant
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: 'pāda' (foot) + 'rakṣa' (guard).

Note: Agrees with 'vikarṇe'.

गाण्डीवमुक्तैः (gāṇḍīvamuktaiḥ) - released from the Gāṇḍīva (bow)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gāṇḍīvamukta

gāṇḍīvamukta - released from the Gāṇḍīva (bow)

Past Passive Participle (used in compound)

Compound type : tatpurusha (gāṇḍīva+mukta)

• gāṇḍīva – Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)
  proper noun (neuter)
• mukta – released, thrown, discharged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'muc' (to release, liberate).
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'viśikhaiḥ'.

विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of viśikha

viśikha - arrow, dart, a peak without a top-knot

प्रणुन्नाः (praṇunnāḥ) - struck, propelled, impelled, pierced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of praṇunna

praṇunna - pushed forward, struck, impelled, pierced

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'nud' (to push, impel) with upasarga 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: nud (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'yodhamukhyāḥ'.

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

योधमुख्याः (yodhamukhyāḥ) - chief warriors, leading warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yodhamukhya

yodhamukhya - chief warrior, leading fighter

Compound type : tatpurusha (yodha+mukhya)

• yodha – warrior, fighter
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• mukhya – chief, principal, leading, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, at once

(indeclinable)

Instrumental form of 'sahas' used as an adverb.

Root: sah (class 1)

अपजग्मुः (apajagmuḥ) - they fled, they went away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect tense formation

Reduplicated past tense, 3rd person plural.

Prefix: apa

Root: gam (class 1)