महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-60, verse-11

निपातिते दन्तिवरे पृथिव्यां त्रासाद्विकर्णः सहसावतीर्य ।
तूर्णं पदान्यष्टशतानि गत्वा विविंशतेः स्यन्दनमारुरोह ॥११॥

11. nipātite dantivare pṛthivyāṁ; trāsādvikarṇaḥ sahasāvatīrya ,
tūrṇaṁ padānyaṣṭaśatāni gatvā; viviṁśateḥ syandanamāruroha.

11. nipātite dantivare pṛthivyām trāsāt vikarṇaḥ sahasā avatīrya
tūrṇaṃ padāni aṣṭaśatāni gatvā viviṃśateḥ syandanam ārūroha

11. When the chief elephant was struck down on the earth, Vikarna, out of fear, quickly dismounted. Having swiftly gone eight hundred paces, he mounted Vivimshati's chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• निपातिते (nipātite) - when brought down, struck down, felled

• दन्तिवरे (dantivare) - in the case of the chief elephant (when it was struck) (in the best elephant, among the best elephants)

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, on the ground

• त्रासात् (trāsāt) - from fear, due to fear, out of fear

• विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarna (a proper noun)

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, at once, forcibly

• अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - having dismounted, having descended

• तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - swiftly, quickly, speedily

• पदानि (padāni) - paces, steps, feet

• अष्टशतानि (aṣṭaśatāni) - eight hundreds, eight hundred

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

• विविंशतेः (viviṁśateḥ) - of Vivimshati (a proper noun)

• स्यन्दनम् (syandanam) - chariot, car

• आरूरोह (ārūroha) - he mounted, he ascended

Words meanings and morphology

निपातिते (nipātite) - when brought down, struck down, felled

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - brought down, felled, thrown down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pat' with upasarga 'ni', in passive sense.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially in an absolute locative construction.

दन्तिवरे (dantivare) - in the case of the chief elephant (when it was struck) (in the best elephant, among the best elephants)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dantivara

dantivara - best elephant, excellent elephant

Compound type : tatpurusha (dantin+vara)

• dantin – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, superior
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Used adverbially in an absolute locative construction.

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, land

Root: pṛth

त्रासात् (trāsāt) - from fear, due to fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of trāsa

trāsa - fear, terror, alarm

Derived from root 'trās' (to be frightened).

Root: trās (class 1)

विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarna (a proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikarṇa

vikarṇa - Vikarna (name of a Kuru prince)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, at once, forcibly

(indeclinable)

Instrumental form of 'sahas' used as an adverb.

Root: sah (class 1)

अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - having dismounted, having descended

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'tṛ' with upasarga 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - swiftly, quickly, speedily

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'tvar' (to hurry, hasten). Often used adverbially in the neuter accusative singular.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.

पदानि (padāni) - paces, steps, feet

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of pada

pada - foot, step, pace, word, position

Root: pad (class 4)

अष्टशतानि (aṣṭaśatāni) - eight hundreds, eight hundred

(numeral adjective)

Compound type : dvigu (aṣṭan+śata)

• aṣṭan – eight
  numeral
• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'gam'.

Root: gam (class 1)

विविंशतेः (viviṁśateḥ) - of Vivimshati (a proper noun)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viviṃśati

viviṁśati - Vivimshati (name of a Kuru warrior)

स्यन्दनम् (syandanam) - chariot, car

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of syandana

syandana - chariot, car, flowing, dripping

From root 'syand' (to flow, move quickly).

Root: syand (class 1)

आरूरोह (ārūroha) - he mounted, he ascended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ruh

Perfect tense formation

Reduplicated past tense, 3rd person singular.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)