महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-39, verse-13

श्वेताः काञ्चनसंनाहा रथे युज्यन्ति मे हयाः ।
संग्रामे युध्यमानस्य तेनाहं श्वेतवाहनः ॥१३॥

13. śvetāḥ kāñcanasaṁnāhā rathe yujyanti me hayāḥ ,
saṁgrāme yudhyamānasya tenāhaṁ śvetavāhanaḥ.

13. śvetāḥ kāñcanasaṃnāhāḥ rathe yujyanti me hayāḥ
saṃgrāme yudhyamānasya tena aham śvetavāhanaḥ

13. My white horses, adorned with golden harnesses, are yoked to my chariot. Therefore, because I fight in battle, I am known as Śvetavāhana (one whose steeds are white).

Words meanings summery:

• श्वेताः (śvetāḥ) - white

• काञ्चनसंनाहाः (kāñcanasaṁnāhāḥ) - having golden harnesses, adorned with golden harnesses

• रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

• युज्यन्ति (yujyanti) - are yoked (referring to horses) (they yoke, they are yoked, they are harnessed)

• मे (me) - my, to me

• हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in war

• युध्यमानस्य (yudhyamānasya) - of one fighting, of him who fights

• तेन (tena) - therefore, by that, by it

• अहम् (aham) - I

• श्वेतवाहनः (śvetavāhanaḥ) - Śvetavāhana (a name of Arjuna) (one having white steeds/vehicles, White-mounted)

Words meanings and morphology

श्वेताः (śvetāḥ) - white

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śveta

śveta - white, bright, clear

काञ्चनसंनाहाः (kāñcanasaṁnāhāḥ) - having golden harnesses, adorned with golden harnesses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kāñcanasaṃnāha

kāñcanasaṁnāha - having golden harnesses

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (kāñcana+saṃnāha)

• kāñcana – golden, made of gold
  adjective (neuter)
• saṃnāha – harness, armor, equipment
  noun (masculine)

रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

युज्यन्ति (yujyanti) - are yoked (referring to horses) (they yoke, they are yoked, they are harnessed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of √yuj

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Though active in form, it conveys a passive-like meaning 'are yoked' in this context, implying an intransitive action of joining/connecting.

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I

हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, combat

युध्यमानस्य (yudhyamānasya) - of one fighting, of him who fights

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yudhyamāna

yudhyamāna - fighting, warring

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √yudh (to fight) with the Ātmanepada suffix -māna.

Root: yudh (class 4)

तेन (tena) - therefore, by that, by it

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here adverbially to mean 'therefore' or 'for that reason'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

श्वेतवाहनः (śvetavāhanaḥ) - Śvetavāhana (a name of Arjuna) (one having white steeds/vehicles, White-mounted)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvetavāhana

śvetavāhana - having white vehicles or steeds

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (śveta+vāhana)

• śveta – white
  adjective (masculine)
• vāhana – vehicle, carrier, steed, mount
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vah (class 1)