महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-24, verse-20

स हतः पतितः शेते गन्धर्वैर्निशि भारत ।
अदृश्यमानैर्दुष्टात्मा सह भ्रातृभिरच्युत ॥२०॥

20. sa hataḥ patitaḥ śete gandharvairniśi bhārata ,
adṛśyamānairduṣṭātmā saha bhrātṛbhiracyuta.

20. saḥ hataḥ patitaḥ śete gandharvaiḥ niśi bhārata
adṛśyamānaiḥ duṣṭātmā saha bhrātṛbhiḥ acyuta

20. O Bhārata, O Acyuta, that evil-souled Kīcaka now lies slain and fallen at night, along with his brothers, by the invisible Gandharvas.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Kīcaka. (he, that one)

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, struck

• पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen, dropped, degraded

• शेते (śete) - he lies, he rests

• गन्धर्वैः (gandharvaiḥ) - Euphemism for Bhīma, who killed Kīcaka. (by the Gandharvas)

• निशि (niśi) - at night

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Indian

• अदृश्यमानैः (adṛśyamānaiḥ) - Refers to the Gandharvas (Bhīma in disguise). (by the invisible ones, by those not being seen)

• दुष्टात्मा (duṣṭātmā) - Refers to Kīcaka. (evil-souled, wicked, malicious)

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - Refers to Kīcaka's brothers. (with brothers)

• अच्युत (acyuta) - Often used for Kṛṣṇa, here as an address. (O unfailing one, O imperishable one)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Kīcaka. (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine form of tad.

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, ruined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with saḥ and duṣṭātmā.

पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen, dropped, degraded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, descended, degraded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √pat (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with saḥ and duṣṭātmā.

शेते (śete) - he lies, he rests

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: From √śī, 3rd singular Atmanepada.

गन्धर्वैः (gandharvaiḥ) - Euphemism for Bhīma, who killed Kīcaka. (by the Gandharvas)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gandharva

gandharva - celestial musician, a class of demigods

निशि (niśi) - at night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of niś

niś - night

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Indian

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to India

Patronymic from Bharata

अदृश्यमानैः (adṛśyamānaiḥ) - Refers to the Gandharvas (Bhīma in disguise). (by the invisible ones, by those not being seen)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of adṛśyamāna

adṛśyamāna - invisible, not seen, not appearing

Present Passive Participle

Derived from a- (not) + √dṛś (to see) + yamāna (passive participle suffix)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dṛśyamāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• dṛśyamāna – being seen
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Passive Participle
  Derived from √dṛś
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with gandharvaiḥ.

दुष्टात्मा (duṣṭātmā) - Refers to Kīcaka. (evil-souled, wicked, malicious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duṣṭātman

duṣṭātman - evil-souled, wicked, malicious

Compound of duṣṭa (wicked) and ātman (soul)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duṣṭa+ātman)

• duṣṭa – corrupted, wicked, bad
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √duṣ (to be bad)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• ātman – soul, self, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with saḥ.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs instrumental case.

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - Refers to Kīcaka's brothers. (with brothers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Governed by saha.

अच्युत (acyuta) - Often used for Kṛṣṇa, here as an address. (O unfailing one, O imperishable one)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of acyuta

acyuta - unfailing, imperishable, firm; an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa

Past Passive Participle

Derived from a- (not) + √cyu (to move, fall)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cyuta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• cyuta – fallen, moved, departed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √cyu
  Root: cyu (class 1)