महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-24, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
कीचकस्य तु घातेन सानुजस्य विशां पते ।
अत्याहितं चिन्तयित्वा व्यस्मयन्त पृथग्जनाः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
kīcakasya tu ghātena sānujasya viśāṁ pate ,
atyāhitaṁ cintayitvā vyasmayanta pṛthagjanāḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca kīcakasya tu ghātena sānujasya
viśām pate atyāhitam cintayitvā vyasmayanta pṛthagjanāḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: "O lord of the people, considering the great danger caused by the slaying of Kīcaka and his younger brother, the various people were astonished."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to King Janamejaya. (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कीचकस्य (kīcakasya) - of Kīcaka

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• घातेन (ghātena) - by the slaying, by the killing

• सानुजस्य (sānujasya) - Of Kīcaka, who was killed along with his younger brother. (of the one with a younger brother, of him with his younger brother)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O King Janamejaya! (O lord!)

• अत्याहितम् (atyāhitam) - great danger, calamity, something dreadful

• चिन्तयित्वा (cintayitvā) - having thought, having considered

• व्यस्मयन्त (vyasmayanta) - they were astonished, they were amazed

• पृथग्जनाः (pṛthagjanāḥ) - various people, common people, ordinary folk

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to King Janamejaya. (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, a pupil of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

root in 2nd class, Perfect active

Root: vac (class 2)

कीचकस्य (kīcakasya) - of Kīcaka

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kīcaka

kīcaka - name of a general in the Matsya kingdom, brother of Queen Sudesṇā

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

घातेन (ghātena) - by the slaying, by the killing

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ghāta

ghāta - killing, slaying, striking

Root: han (class 2)

सानुजस्य (sānujasya) - Of Kīcaka, who was killed along with his younger brother. (of the one with a younger brother, of him with his younger brother)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sānuja

sānuja - accompanied by a younger brother, having a younger brother

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+anuja)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• anuja – younger brother
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'kīcakasya'.

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subject, settlement, community

पते (pate) - O King Janamejaya! (O lord!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, husband

Note: Part of the compound address 'viśāṃ pate' (O Lord of the people).

अत्याहितम् (atyāhitam) - great danger, calamity, something dreadful

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atyāhita

atyāhita - great danger, calamity, misfortune; very dangerous

Prefixes: ati+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

चिन्तयित्वा (cintayitvā) - having thought, having considered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from the causative stem of root cit (cint-)

Root: cit (class 1)

व्यस्मयन्त (vyasmayanta) - they were astonished, they were amazed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vismay

root smi (4th class), with prefix vi, Imperfect middle (ātmanepada)

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 4)

पृथग्जनाः (pṛthagjanāḥ) - various people, common people, ordinary folk

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pṛthagjana

pṛthagjana - various people, common people, ordinary individual

Compound type : tatpurusha (pṛthak+jana)

• pṛthak – separately, individually, variously
  indeclinable
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)