महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-96, verse-10

लोमश उवाच ।
तत आयव्ययौ पूर्णौ ताभ्यां राजा न्यवेदयत् ।
ततो ज्ञात्वा समादत्तां यदत्र व्यतिरिच्यते ॥१०॥

10. lomaśa uvāca ,
tata āyavyayau pūrṇau tābhyāṁ rājā nyavedayat ,
tato jñātvā samādattāṁ yadatra vyatiricyate.

10. lomaśa uvāca tataḥ āyavyayau pūrṇau tābhyām rājā
nyavedayat tataḥ jñātvā samādattām yat atra vyatiricyate

10. Lomaśa said: 'Then the king informed them (Agastya and Śrutarvāṇa) of his complete income and expenditure. Having thus understood the situation, they both took whatever was left over there.'

Words meanings summery:

• लोमश (lomaśa) - Lomaśa (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

• आयव्ययौ (āyavyayau) - income and expenditure

• पूर्णौ (pūrṇau) - full, complete

• ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) - to them two (Agastya and Śrutarvāṇa) (to those two)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (Vadhryaśva) (king)

• न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - informed, reported, offered

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

• समादत्ताम् (samādattām) - they two took, accepted

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• अत्र (atra) - here, there

• व्यतिरिच्यते (vyatiricyate) - is left over, remains, exceeds

Words meanings and morphology

लोमश (lomaśa) - Lomaśa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lomaśa

lomaśa - name of a sage

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

(indeclinable)

आयव्ययौ (āyavyayau) - income and expenditure

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of āyavyaya

āyavyaya - income and expenditure

Compound type : dvandva (āya+vyaya)

• āya – income, revenue
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: i (class 2)
• vyaya – expenditure, expense
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i (class 2)

पूर्णौ (pūrṇau) - full, complete

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of pūrṇa

pūrṇa - full, complete, filled

Past Passive Participle

from root pṛ (to fill)

Root: pṛ (class 9)

Note: Agrees with āyavyayau.

ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) - to them two (Agastya and Śrutarvāṇa) (to those two)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can also be instrumental/ablative dual.

राजा (rājā) - the king (Vadhryaśva) (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - informed, reported, offered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of nivedaya

causative

from root vid (to know/tell) with prefix ni, in causative form

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

(indeclinable)

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root jñā (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

समादत्ताम् (samādattām) - they two took, accepted

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samādā

from root dā (to give/take) with prefixes sam and ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Refers to Agastya and Śrutarvāṇa.

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

अत्र (atra) - here, there

(indeclinable)

व्यतिरिच्यते (vyatiricyate) - is left over, remains, exceeds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vyatiric

from root ric (to leave) with prefixes vi and ati, in passive/middle voice

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: ric (class 7)

Note: Often passive in meaning 'is left over'.