महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-96, verse-1

लोमश उवाच ।
ततो जगाम कौरव्य सोऽगस्त्यो भिक्षितुं वसु ।
श्रुतर्वाणं महीपालं यं वेदाभ्यधिकं नृपैः ॥१॥

1. lomaśa uvāca ,
tato jagāma kauravya so'gastyo bhikṣituṁ vasu ,
śrutarvāṇaṁ mahīpālaṁ yaṁ vedābhyadhikaṁ nṛpaiḥ.

1. lomaśaḥ uvāca tataḥ jagāma kauravya saḥ agastyaḥ bhikṣitum
vasu śrutarvāṇam mahīpālam yam veda abhyadhikam nṛpaiḥ

1. Lomaśa said, "Then, O descendant of Kuru (kauravya), that Agastya went to beg for wealth from King Śrutarvāṇ, whom he considered superior to other kings in Vedic knowledge (veda)."

Words meanings summery:

• लोमशः (lomaśaḥ) - Lomaśa (a proper noun, nominative singular)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereupon

• जगाम (jagāma) - he went, he proceeded

• कौरव्य (kauravya) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (Lomaśa is speaking to him) (O descendant of Kuru (vocative masculine singular))

• सः (saḥ) - that Agastya (he, that (nominative masculine singular))

• अगस्त्यः (agastyaḥ) - Agastya (a proper noun, nominative singular)

• भिक्षितुम् (bhikṣitum) - to beg, to ask for alms (infinitive)

• वसु (vasu) - Object of bhikṣitum (to beg) (wealth, riches, good things (accusative neuter singular))

• श्रुतर्वाणम् (śrutarvāṇam) - Object of 'went to beg from' (Śrutarvāṇ (a proper noun, accusative masculine singular))

• महीपालम् (mahīpālam) - Apposition to śrutarvāṇam (king, protector of the earth (accusative masculine singular))

• यम् (yam) - Refers to Śrutarvāṇam (whom (accusative masculine singular relative pronoun))

• वेद (veda) - Vedic knowledge (used adverbially or in a compound sense with abhyadhikam) (knowledge, sacred knowledge, the Vedas)

• अभ्यधिकम् (abhyadhikam) - Agrees with yam and refers to Śrutarvāṇam (superior, exceeding, more (accusative masculine singular))

• नृपैः (nṛpaiḥ) - Used in comparison ('superior than kings') (by kings (instrumental plural))

Words meanings and morphology

लोमशः (lomaśaḥ) - Lomaśa (a proper noun, nominative singular)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lomaśa

lomaśa - Name of a sage

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (lit) of vac

Perfect active indicative

Root vac, Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Originally ablative of tad

जगाम (jagāma) - he went, he proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (lit) of gam

Perfect active indicative

Root gam, 1st class, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Root: gam (class 1)

कौरव्य (kauravya) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (Lomaśa is speaking to him) (O descendant of Kuru (vocative masculine singular))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru, belonging to the Kuru family

Patronymic from Kuru

सः (saḥ) - that Agastya (he, that (nominative masculine singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that (demonstrative pronoun)

अगस्त्यः (agastyaḥ) - Agastya (a proper noun, nominative singular)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agastya

agastya - Name of a revered Vedic sage

भिक्षितुम् (bhikṣitum) - to beg, to ask for alms (infinitive)

(verb)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of desiderative root bhikṣ (from bhaj)

Root: bhaj (class 1)

वसु (vasu) - Object of bhikṣitum (to beg) (wealth, riches, good things (accusative neuter singular))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vasu

vasu - wealth, riches, treasure, good, excellent

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Object of bhikṣitum

श्रुतर्वाणम् (śrutarvāṇam) - Object of 'went to beg from' (Śrutarvāṇ (a proper noun, accusative masculine singular))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śrutarvāṇ

śrutarvāṇ - Name of a king

Note: Object of 'went to beg from'

महीपालम् (mahīpālam) - Apposition to śrutarvāṇam (king, protector of the earth (accusative masculine singular))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - king, protector of the earth

Compound of mahī (earth) and pāla (protector)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root pā
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Apposition to śrutarvāṇam

यम् (yam) - Refers to Śrutarvāṇam (whom (accusative masculine singular relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to Śrutarvāṇam

वेद (veda) - Vedic knowledge (used adverbially or in a compound sense with abhyadhikam) (knowledge, sacred knowledge, the Vedas)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of veda

veda - sacred knowledge, the Vedas

Derived from root vid- 'to know'

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Often interpreted as a component in 'vedābhyadhikam' (superior in Vedic knowledge) where 'veda' is in a locative or adverbial sense.

अभ्यधिकम् (abhyadhikam) - Agrees with yam and refers to Śrutarvāṇam (superior, exceeding, more (accusative masculine singular))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhyadhika

abhyadhika - exceeding, superior, much, more

Derived from adhi + ka, with prefix abhi

Note: Governs nṛpaiḥ (instrumental for comparison)

नृपैः (nṛpaiḥ) - Used in comparison ('superior than kings') (by kings (instrumental plural))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nṛpa

nṛpa - king (literally 'protector of men')

Compound of nṛ (man) and pā (protector)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pā)

• nṛ – man, male
  noun (masculine)
• pā – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root pā
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Used in comparison ('superior than kings')