महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-64, verse-17

एका बालानभिज्ञा च मार्गाणामतथोचिता ।
क्षुत्पिपासापरीता च दुष्करं यदि जीवति ॥१७॥

17. ekā bālānabhijñā ca mārgāṇāmatathocitā ,
kṣutpipāsāparītā ca duṣkaraṁ yadi jīvati.

17. ekā bālā anabhijñā ca mārgāṇām atathā ucitā
kṣutpipāsāparītā ca duṣkaram yadi jīvati

17. How difficult it would be for her to survive, alone, a young girl, unfamiliar with the paths and unsuited for such circumstances, afflicted by hunger and thirst!

17. היא לבדה, אינה מכירה את הדרכים ואינה רגילה בהן, ורעב וצמא תוקפים אותה. קשה שהיא עדיין חיה.

Words meanings summery:

• एका (ekā) - one, alone, single

• बाला (bālā) - young girl, young woman

• अनभिज्ञा (anabhijñā) - ignorant, not knowing, unfamiliar

• च (ca) - and, also

• मार्गाणाम् (mārgāṇām) - of paths, of roads, of ways

• अतथा (atathā) - not so, not thus, improperly

• उचिता (ucitā) - suitable, proper, appropriate

• क्षुत्पिपासापरीता (kṣutpipāsāparītā) - afflicted by hunger and thirst

• च (ca) - and, also

• दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult, hard to do, impossible

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case

• जीवति (jīvati) - she lives, he lives, it lives

Words meanings and morphology

एका (ekā) - one, alone, single

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

बाला (bālā) - young girl, young woman

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bālā

bālā - young girl, maiden, inexperienced girl

अनभिज्ञा (anabhijñā) - ignorant, not knowing, unfamiliar

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anabhijña

anabhijña - ignorant, unacquainted with, unfamiliar

Derived from 'a' (negation) + 'abhijña' (knowing).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+abhijña)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• abhijña – knowing, conversant with, skilled in
  adjective (masculine)
  From abhi + jñā (to know).
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: jñā (class 9)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मार्गाणाम् (mārgāṇām) - of paths, of roads, of ways

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mārga

mārga - path, road, way, street

From root mṛj (to wipe, clean).

Root: mṛj (class 2)

अतथा (atathā) - not so, not thus, improperly

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of atathā

atathā - not so, not thus, otherwise, improperly

Negation of 'tathā' (thus).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tathā)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• tathā – thus, so, in that manner
  indeclinable

उचिता (ucitā) - suitable, proper, appropriate

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ucita

ucita - suitable, proper, fitting, appropriate

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak, say) + kta (suffix for PPP). Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Participle functioning as an adjective.

क्षुत्पिपासापरीता (kṣutpipāsāparītā) - afflicted by hunger and thirst

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣutpipāsāparīta

kṣutpipāsāparīta - afflicted by hunger and thirst

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣutpipāsā+parīta)

• kṣutpipāsā – hunger and thirst
  noun (feminine)
  Dvanda compound of kṣudh (hunger) and pipāsā (thirst).
• parīta – surrounded, afflicted, encompassed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pari + i (to go).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult, hard to do, impossible

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult to do, arduous, hard, impossible

From dus (difficult) + kṛ (to do).

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (dus+kara)

• dus – difficult, bad, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• kara – doing, making, causing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  From root kṛ (to do) + a (suffix).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Acts as a predicate (it is difficult).

यदि (yadi) - if, in case

(indeclinable)

जीवति (jīvati) - she lives, he lives, it lives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present active indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: The subject is implicit, referring to the young girl (Damayanti).

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