महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-64, verse-17

एका बालानभिज्ञा च मार्गाणामतथोचिता ।
क्षुत्पिपासापरीता च दुष्करं यदि जीवति ॥१७॥

17. ekā bālānabhijñā ca mārgāṇāmatathocitā ,
kṣutpipāsāparītā ca duṣkaraṁ yadi jīvati.

17. ekā bālā anabhijñā ca mārgāṇām atathā ucitā
kṣutpipāsāparītā ca duṣkaram yadi jīvati

17. How difficult it would be for her to survive, alone, a young girl, unfamiliar with the paths and unsuited for such circumstances, afflicted by hunger and thirst!

Words meanings summery:

• एका (ekā) - one, alone, single

• बाला (bālā) - young girl, young woman

• अनभिज्ञा (anabhijñā) - ignorant, not knowing, unfamiliar

• च (ca) - and, also

• मार्गाणाम् (mārgāṇām) - of paths, of roads, of ways

• अतथा (atathā) - not so, not thus, improperly

• उचिता (ucitā) - suitable, proper, appropriate

• क्षुत्पिपासापरीता (kṣutpipāsāparītā) - afflicted by hunger and thirst

• च (ca) - and, also

• दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult, hard to do, impossible

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case

• जीवति (jīvati) - she lives, he lives, it lives

Words meanings and morphology

एका (ekā) - one, alone, single

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

बाला (bālā) - young girl, young woman

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bālā

bālā - young girl, maiden, inexperienced girl

अनभिज्ञा (anabhijñā) - ignorant, not knowing, unfamiliar

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anabhijña

anabhijña - ignorant, unacquainted with, unfamiliar

Derived from 'a' (negation) + 'abhijña' (knowing).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+abhijña)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• abhijña – knowing, conversant with, skilled in
  adjective (masculine)
  From abhi + jñā (to know).
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: jñā (class 9)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मार्गाणाम् (mārgāṇām) - of paths, of roads, of ways

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mārga

mārga - path, road, way, street

From root mṛj (to wipe, clean).

Root: mṛj (class 2)

अतथा (atathā) - not so, not thus, improperly

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of atathā

atathā - not so, not thus, otherwise, improperly

Negation of 'tathā' (thus).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tathā)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• tathā – thus, so, in that manner
  indeclinable

उचिता (ucitā) - suitable, proper, appropriate

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ucita

ucita - suitable, proper, fitting, appropriate

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak, say) + kta (suffix for PPP). Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Participle functioning as an adjective.

क्षुत्पिपासापरीता (kṣutpipāsāparītā) - afflicted by hunger and thirst

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣutpipāsāparīta

kṣutpipāsāparīta - afflicted by hunger and thirst

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣutpipāsā+parīta)

• kṣutpipāsā – hunger and thirst
  noun (feminine)
  Dvanda compound of kṣudh (hunger) and pipāsā (thirst).
• parīta – surrounded, afflicted, encompassed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pari + i (to go).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult, hard to do, impossible

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult to do, arduous, hard, impossible

From dus (difficult) + kṛ (to do).

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (dus+kara)

• dus – difficult, bad, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• kara – doing, making, causing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  From root kṛ (to do) + a (suffix).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Acts as a predicate (it is difficult).

यदि (yadi) - if, in case

(indeclinable)

जीवति (jīvati) - she lives, he lives, it lives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present active indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: The subject is implicit, referring to the young girl (Damayanti).