महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-64, verse-12

तमुवाच नलो राजा मन्दप्रज्ञस्य कस्यचित् ।
आसीद्बहुमता नारी तस्या दृढतरं च सः ॥१२॥

12. tamuvāca nalo rājā mandaprajñasya kasyacit ,
āsīdbahumatā nārī tasyā dṛḍhataraṁ ca saḥ.

12. tam uvāca nalaḥ rājā mandaprajñasya kasyacit
āsīt bahumatā nārī tasyāḥ dṛḍhataram ca saḥ

12. King Nala then said to him, 'There was a woman highly esteemed by a certain dull-witted man. And he was very devoted to her.'

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to Jīvala (to him, that (masculine accusative))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• नलः (nalaḥ) - The king, who is currently disguised as Bāhuka (Nala (proper name))

• राजा (rājā) - King Nala (king)

• मन्दप्रज्ञस्य (mandaprajñasya) - Nala is indirectly referring to himself as the 'dull-witted man' (of the dull-witted, of the slow-witted)

• कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - of someone, of a certain person

• आसीत् (āsīt) - there was, existed

• बहुमता (bahumatā) - Damayanti (highly esteemed, much respected)

• नारी (nārī) - Damayanti (woman, wife)

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - for the woman (Damayanti) (of her, to her, for her)

• दृढतरम् (dṛḍhataram) - more firmly, very strongly

• च (ca) - and, also

• सः (saḥ) - The dull-witted man (Nala himself) (he, that (masculine))

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to Jīvala (to him, that (masculine accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect

Reduplicated perfect (Lit), 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

नलः (nalaḥ) - The king, who is currently disguised as Bāhuka (Nala (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (name of a legendary king)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'

राजा (rājā) - King Nala (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: In apposition to 'nalaḥ'

मन्दप्रज्ञस्य (mandaprajñasya) - Nala is indirectly referring to himself as the 'dull-witted man' (of the dull-witted, of the slow-witted)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mandaprajña

mandaprajña - dull-witted, slow of understanding, foolish

Bahuvrīhi compound: manda (dull) + prajñā (wisdom)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (manda+prajñā)

• manda – dull, slow, weak, sluggish
  adjective (masculine)
• prajñā – wisdom, understanding, intelligence, discernment
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - of someone, of a certain person

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, a certain, any (indefinite pronoun)

Compound of kim (who/what) + cid (indefinite particle)

आसीत् (āsīt) - there was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect

3rd person singular, active voice, with augment 'a' for imperfect tense

Root: as (class 2)

बहुमता (bahumatā) - Damayanti (highly esteemed, much respected)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bahumata

bahumata - highly esteemed, much thought of, greatly respected

Past Passive Participle

Compound: bahu (much) + mata (thought, esteemed, from root √man)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bahu+mata)

• bahu – much, many, abundant
  adjective (masculine)
• mata – thought, esteemed, opinion, believed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √man (to think, believe, esteem)
  Root: man (class 4)

नारी (nārī) - Damayanti (woman, wife)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nārī

nārī - woman, female, wife

Note: Subject of 'āsīt'

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - for the woman (Damayanti) (of her, to her, for her)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृढतरम् (dṛḍhataram) - more firmly, very strongly

(indeclinable)

Comparative adjective/adverb

Comparative suffix -tara added to dṛḍha (firm, strong); used adverbially

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - The dull-witted man (Nala himself) (he, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of an implied verb of attachment/devotion