महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-35, verse-21

मम प्रतिज्ञां च निबोध सत्यां वृणे धर्मममृताज्जीविताच्च ।
राज्यं च पुत्राश्च यशो धनं च सर्वं न सत्यस्य कलामुपैति ॥२१॥

21. mama pratijñāṁ ca nibodha satyāṁ; vṛṇe dharmamamṛtājjīvitācca ,
rājyaṁ ca putrāśca yaśo dhanaṁ ca; sarvaṁ na satyasya kalāmupaiti.

21. mama pratijñām ca nibodha satyām
vṛṇe dharmam amṛtāt jīvitāt ca
rājyam ca putrāḥ ca yaśaḥ dhanam
ca sarvam na satyasya kalām upaiti

21. Also, understand my true vow: I choose natural law (dharma) over immortality and life. A kingdom, sons, fame, and wealth—none of it amounts to even a fraction of truth.

Words meanings summery:

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - vow, promise, assertion

• च (ca) - and, also

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand, perceive, know

• सत्याम् (satyām) - true, real, truthful

• वृणे (vṛṇe) - I choose, I select

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

• अमृतात् (amṛtāt) - from immortality, than immortality

• जीवितात् (jīvitāt) - from life, than life

• च (ca) - and, also

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

• च (ca) - and, also

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons, children

• च (ca) - and, also

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory, renown

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, riches, property

• च (ca) - and, also

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, every, whole

• न (na) - not, no

• सत्यस्य (satyasya) - of truth, of the true

• कलाम् (kalām) - a fraction, a part, an atom

• उपैति (upaiti) - approaches, attains, reaches

Words meanings and morphology

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Pronominal genitive.

प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - vow, promise, assertion

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - vow, promise, assertion

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

निबोध (nibodha) - understand, perceive, know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nibudh

imperative

2nd person singular, parasmaipada

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

सत्याम् (satyām) - true, real, truthful

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of satya

satya - true, real, truthful

Note: Adjective agreeing with pratijñām

वृणे (vṛṇe) - I choose, I select

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of vṛ

present tense

1st person singular, ātmanepada

Root: vṛ (class 9)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness

From √dhṛ (धृ) 'to uphold, support'

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अमृतात् (amṛtāt) - from immortality, than immortality

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of amṛta

amṛta - immmortality, nectar

a (not) + mṛta (dead/mortal)

Compound type : nah-tatpuruṣa (a+mṛta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• mṛta – dead, mortal
  Past Passive Participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √mṛ (मृ) 'to die'
  Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Ablative of comparison "than immortality"

जीवितात् (jīvitāt) - from life, than life

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living

Derived from √jīv (जीव्)

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Ablative of comparison "than life"

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

From rājan (king)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons, children

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory, renown

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, renown

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, riches, property

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property

From √dhā (धा) 'to place, put'

Root: dhā (class 3)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, every, whole

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Adjective agreeing with the implied collection of rājyam, putrāḥ, yaśaḥ, dhanam.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सत्यस्य (satyasya) - of truth, of the true

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality

कलाम् (kalām) - a fraction, a part, an atom

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kalā

kalā - a part, a fraction, a digit (of moon), an art

Root: kal (class 1)

उपैति (upaiti) - approaches, attains, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of upe

present tense

3rd person singular, parasmaipada

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)