महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-288, verse-11

राजोवाच ।
एवमेतत्त्वया भद्रे कर्तव्यमविशङ्कया ।
मद्धितार्थं कुलार्थं च तथात्मार्थं च नन्दिनि ॥११॥

11. rājovāca ,
evametattvayā bhadre kartavyamaviśaṅkayā ,
maddhitārthaṁ kulārthaṁ ca tathātmārthaṁ ca nandini.

11. rājā uvāca evam etat tvayā bhadre kartavyam aviśaṅkayā
maddhitārtham kulārtham ca tathātmārtham ca nandinī

11. The king said: 'O gracious one, you must do this without hesitation, for my benefit, for the sake of the family, and also for your own sake (ātman), O Nandini.'

Words meanings summery:

• राजा (rājā) - the king

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

• एतत् (etat) - this duty (this)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• भद्रे (bhadre) - O Pṛthā (O gracious one, O fair one)

• कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be done, should be done

• अविशङ्कया (aviśaṅkayā) - without doubt, fearlessly

• मद्धितार्थम् (maddhitārtham) - for my benefit

• कुलार्थम् (kulārtham) - for the family's sake

• च (ca) - and, also

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, also, in that manner

• आत्मार्थम् (ātmārtham) - for the sake of the self (ātman), for one's own sake

• च (ca) - and, also

• नन्दिनी (nandinī) - O Pṛthā (O joy-giving one)

Words meanings and morphology

राजा (rājā) - the king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense (liṭ)

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this duty (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to the duty kartavyam.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent of the gerundive kartavyam.

भद्रे (bhadre) - O Pṛthā (O gracious one, O fair one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of bhadrā

bhadrā - auspicious, fair, gracious

Note: Refers to the girl (Pṛthā).

कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be done, should be done

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, should be done, duty

Gerundive

Derived from root kṛ with suffix -tavya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Gerundive of kṛ.

अविशङ्कया (aviśaṅkayā) - without doubt, fearlessly

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of aviśaṅkā

aviśaṅkā - freedom from doubt, fearlessness

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+śaṅkā)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• śaṅkā – doubt, fear
  noun (feminine)
  Root: śaṅk (class 1)

Note: Used as an adverb.

मद्धितार्थम् (maddhitārtham) - for my benefit

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mat+hita+artha)

• mat – my, mine
  pronoun
  stem of asmad in genitive sense
• hita – benefit, welfare, good
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhā
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• artha – purpose, sake, meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Formed with artham indicating purpose.

कुलार्थम् (kulārtham) - for the family's sake

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kula+artha)

• kula – family, race, lineage
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, sake, meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Formed with artham indicating purpose.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, also, in that manner

(indeclinable)

आत्मार्थम् (ātmārtham) - for the sake of the self (ātman), for one's own sake

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+artha)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, sake, meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Formed with artham indicating purpose.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

नन्दिनी (nandinī) - O Pṛthā (O joy-giving one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of nandinī

nandinī - joy-giving, delighting (feminine)

Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Refers to the girl (Pṛthā).