महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-210, verse-2

अचरन्त तपस्तीव्रं पुत्रार्थे बहुवार्षिकम् ।
पुत्रं लभेम धर्मिष्ठं यशसा ब्रह्मणा समम् ॥२॥

2. acaranta tapastīvraṁ putrārthe bahuvārṣikam ,
putraṁ labhema dharmiṣṭhaṁ yaśasā brahmaṇā samam.

2. acaranta tapaḥ tīvram putrārthe bahuvārṣikam
putram labhema dharmiṣṭham yaśasā brahmaṇā samam

2. They undertook intense asceticism (tapas) for many years, for the sake of a son, (praying,) 'May we obtain a son who is most devoted to natural law (dharma) and equal to Brahman in renown.'

Words meanings summery:

• अचरन्त (acaranta) - they performed (they performed, practiced)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism (tapas) (heat, asceticism, austerity (tapas))

• तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense, severe (intense, severe, sharp)

• पुत्रार्थे (putrārthe) - for the sake of a son

• बहुवार्षिकम् (bahuvārṣikam) - for many years (for many years, lasting many years)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - a son (son)

• लभेम (labhema) - may we obtain (may we obtain, may we get)

• धर्मिष्ठम् (dharmiṣṭham) - most devoted to natural law (dharma) (most righteous, most virtuous, most observant of (dharma))

• यशसा (yaśasā) - with renown (with fame, by renown)

• ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - with Brahman (the ultimate reality) (by/with Brahman (the Absolute reality))

• समम् (samam) - equal (to Brahman) (equal, similar, even)

Words meanings and morphology

अचरन्त (acaranta) - they performed (they performed, practiced)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of car

Prefix: a

Root: car (class 1)

तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism (tapas) (heat, asceticism, austerity (tapas))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, asceticism, austerity, penance

Note: Object of 'acaranta'.

तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense, severe (intense, severe, sharp)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tīvra

tīvra - intense, severe, sharp, keen

Note: Qualifies 'tapaḥ'.

पुत्रार्थे (putrārthe) - for the sake of a son

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of putrārtha

putrārtha - for the sake of a son, for a son's purpose

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+artha)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Acts adverbially.

बहुवार्षिकम् (bahuvārṣikam) - for many years (for many years, lasting many years)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahuvārṣika

bahuvārṣika - lasting many years, for many years

Derived from 'bahuvarṣa' (many years) with suffix -ika.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+varṣa)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective
• varṣa – year, rain
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adverbial accusative, indicating duration, qualifies 'tapaḥ'.

पुत्रम् (putram) - a son (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Object of 'labhema'.

लभेम (labhema) - may we obtain (may we obtain, may we get)

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, optative (liṅ) of labh

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Used in a wish or prayer, with the implied subject being the sages.

धर्मिष्ठम् (dharmiṣṭham) - most devoted to natural law (dharma) (most righteous, most virtuous, most observant of (dharma))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmiṣṭha

dharmiṣṭha - most righteous, most virtuous, most observant of natural law (dharma)

Superlative degree of 'dhārmika' or 'dharmin'

Note: Qualifies 'putram'.

यशसा (yaśasā) - with renown (with fame, by renown)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, renown

Note: Used with 'samam' to express 'equal in renown'.

ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - with Brahman (the ultimate reality) (by/with Brahman (the Absolute reality))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the Absolute reality, supreme cosmic person (puruṣa), universal spirit; also a creator god (Brahmā) or a priest

Note: Used with 'samam' to express 'equal to Brahman'.

समम् (samam) - equal (to Brahman) (equal, similar, even)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sama

sama - equal, similar, even, uniform

Note: Qualifies 'putram' in the accusative, meaning 'equal to' when used with instrumental case (yaśasā brahmaṇā).