महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-210, verse-18

बृहदुक्थतपस्यैव पुत्रो भूमिमुपाश्रितः ।
अग्निहोत्रे हूयमाने पृथिव्यां सद्भिरिज्यते ॥१८॥

18. bṛhadukthatapasyaiva putro bhūmimupāśritaḥ ,
agnihotre hūyamāne pṛthivyāṁ sadbhirijyate.

18. bṛhadukthatapasyāḥ eva putraḥ bhūmim upāśritaḥ
agnihotre hūyamāne pṛthivyām sadbhiḥ ijyate

18. The son of Bṛhadukthatapas himself resides on earth. When the Agnihotra ritual is being performed with offerings on earth, he is worshipped by the virtuous.

Words meanings summery:

• बृहदुक्थतपस्याः (bṛhadukthatapasyāḥ) - of Bṛhadukthatapas (proper name)

• एव (eva) - himself (emphasizing 'Bṛhadukthatapas') (indeed, only, just)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• भूमिम् (bhūmim) - the earth (earth, ground, land)

• उपाश्रितः (upāśritaḥ) - residing on (earth) (resorted to, dwelling in, dependent on)

• अग्निहोत्रे (agnihotre) - in the Agnihotra ritual

• हूयमाने (hūyamāne) - when offerings are being made (in the fire) (being offered, being sacrificed)

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth

• सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the virtuous (people) (by the good, by the virtuous, by the pious)

• इज्यते (ijyate) - is worshipped (is worshipped, is sacrificed to)

Words meanings and morphology

बृहदुक्थतपस्याः (bṛhadukthatapasyāḥ) - of Bṛhadukthatapas (proper name)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bṛhadukthatapasya

bṛhadukthatapasya - Bṛhadukthatapas (a proper name, likely a sage or divine being)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bṛhat+uktha+tapasya)

• bṛhat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• uktha – hymn, praise, eulogy
  noun (neuter)
• tapasya – asceticism, penance, religious austerity
  noun (masculine)

Note: The genitive refers to possession (son of Bṛhadukthatapas).

एव (eva) - himself (emphasizing 'Bṛhadukthatapas') (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

भूमिम् (bhūmim) - the earth (earth, ground, land)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

Note: Object of 'upāśritaḥ' (resorting to).

उपाश्रितः (upāśritaḥ) - residing on (earth) (resorted to, dwelling in, dependent on)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāśrita

upāśrita - resorted to, dependent on, dwelling in, protected by

Past Passive Participle

Derived from upa-ā-śri

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'.

अग्निहोत्रे (agnihotre) - in the Agnihotra ritual

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of agnihotra

agnihotra - fire sacrifice, a daily Vedic ritual

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agni+hotra)

• agni – fire
  noun (masculine)
• hotra – sacrifice, offering, act of sacrificing
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the context in which worship occurs.

हूयमाने (hūyamāne) - when offerings are being made (in the fire) (being offered, being sacrificed)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of hūyamāna

hūyamāna - being offered, being sacrificed

Present Passive Participle

Derived from hū (to sacrifice, offer), middle voice

Root: hū (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'agnihotre' and forms a locative absolute construction.

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground

Note: Location for the ritual.

सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the virtuous (people) (by the good, by the virtuous, by the pious)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real

Present Active Participle

From root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Functions substantively as 'by the good people'.

इज्यते (ijyate) - is worshipped (is worshipped, is sacrificed to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of yaj

Present passive indicative, 3rd person singular

Root: yaj (class 1)