महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-207, verse-4

कुमारश्च यथोत्पन्नो यथा चाग्नेः सुतोऽभवत् ।
यथा रुद्राच्च संभूतो गङ्गायां कृत्तिकासु च ॥४॥

4. kumāraśca yathotpanno yathā cāgneḥ suto'bhavat ,
yathā rudrācca saṁbhūto gaṅgāyāṁ kṛttikāsu ca.

4. kumāraḥ ca yathā utpannaḥ yathā ca agneḥ sutaḥ abhavat
| yathā rudrāt ca saṃbhūtaḥ gaṅgāyām kṛttikāsu ca

4. And how Kumāra (Skanda) was born, and how he became the son of Agni. Also, how he originated from Rudra, and from Gaṅgā, and through the Kṛttikās (Pleiades).

Words meanings summery:

• कुमारः (kumāraḥ) - Kumāra, referring to the god Skanda (Kārtikeya). (a boy, a youth, son; a name of Skanda/Kārtikeya)

• च (ca) - and, also

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

• उत्पन्नः (utpannaḥ) - born, produced, arisen

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

• च (ca) - and, also

• अग्नेः (agneḥ) - Refers to the god Agni. (of Agni, from Agni)

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son, child

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

• रुद्रात् (rudrāt) - Refers to the deity Rudra. (from Rudra)

• च (ca) - and, also

• संभूतः (saṁbhūtaḥ) - born, produced, originated

• गङ्गायाम् (gaṅgāyām) - in the Gaṅgā (river)

• कृत्तिकासु (kṛttikāsu) - among the Kṛttikās (Pleiades)

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

कुमारः (kumāraḥ) - Kumāra, referring to the god Skanda (Kārtikeya). (a boy, a youth, son; a name of Skanda/Kārtikeya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumāra

kumāra - boy, youth, son, prince; a name of Skanda (Kārtikeya), the god of war.

Note: Sandhi 'ḥ' becomes 'ś' before 'ca'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms sandhi 'kumāraś ca'.

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms vowel sandhi 'yathā + utpannaḥ = yathotpannaḥ'.

उत्पन्नः (utpannaḥ) - born, produced, arisen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utpanna

utpanna - born, produced, arisen, happened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pad with prefix ud and suffix kta.

Prefix: ud

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Forms vowel sandhi 'yathā + utpannaḥ = yathotpannaḥ', which then becomes 'yathotpanno' due to visarga sandhi before the next word or end of line.

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms sandhi 'ca + agneḥ = cāgneḥ'.

अग्नेः (agneḥ) - Refers to the god Agni. (of Agni, from Agni)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire; also refers to digestive fire.

Genitive/Ablative singular of 'agni'.

Root: ag

Note: Forms sandhi 'cāgneḥ'.

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son, child

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child, offspring

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sū with suffix kta.

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Sandhi 'ḥ' becomes 'o' and 'a' of 'abhavat' gets elided to form 'suto 'bhavat'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

imperfect active (laṅ)

Root bhū (1st class), imperfect tense, 3rd person singular active.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Sandhi 'a' is elided after 'suto'.

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

रुद्रात् (rudrāt) - Refers to the deity Rudra. (from Rudra)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rudra

rudra - Name of a Vedic deity, associated with storms, wind, and the hunt; later identified with Śiva.

Ablative singular of 'rudra'.

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Sandhi 't' before 'ca' becomes 'c' to form 'rudrāc ca'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms sandhi 'rudrāc ca'.

संभूतः (saṁbhūtaḥ) - born, produced, originated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃbhūta

saṁbhūta - born, produced, arisen, originated from

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhū with prefix sam and suffix kta.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Kumāra. Sandhi 'ḥ' becomes 'o' before 'gaṅgāyām'.

गङ्गायाम् (gaṅgāyām) - in the Gaṅgā (river)

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - Name of the sacred river Ganges.

Locative singular.

Note: Sandhi 'm' becomes 'ṃ' before 'kṛttikāsu'.

कृत्तिकासु (kṛttikāsu) - among the Kṛttikās (Pleiades)

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of kṛttikā

kṛttikā - The Pleiades, a constellation; a group of six or seven divine nurses of Skanda.

Locative plural.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjoins 'gaṅgāyām' and 'kṛttikāsu'.