महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-207, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
श्रुत्वेमां धर्मसंयुक्तां धर्मराजः कथां शुभाम् ।
पुनः पप्रच्छ तमृषिं मार्कण्डेयं तपस्विनम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
śrutvemāṁ dharmasaṁyuktāṁ dharmarājaḥ kathāṁ śubhām ,
punaḥ papraccha tamṛṣiṁ mārkaṇḍeyaṁ tapasvinam.

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca śrutvā imām
dharma-saṃyuktām dharma-rājaḥ
kathām śubhām punaḥ papraccha
tam ṛṣim mārkaṇḍeyam tapasvinam

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Having heard this excellent story, which was full of principles of natural law (dharma), King Yudhiṣṭhira again questioned that ascetic sage Mārkaṇḍeya.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• इमाम् (imām) - this (feminine, accusative)

• धर्म-संयुक्ताम् (dharma-saṁyuktām) - connected with natural law, endowed with virtue

• धर्म-राजः (dharma-rājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Dharma (the deity), often referred to as Dharmarāja. (King of natural law, King of righteousness)

• कथाम् (kathām) - story, tale, narrative

• शुभाम् (śubhām) - auspicious, excellent, beautiful

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, moreover, then

• पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked, inquired

• तम् (tam) - that (masculine, accusative)

• ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage, seer

• मार्कण्डेयम् (mārkaṇḍeyam) - The sage Mārkaṇḍeya. (Mārkaṇḍeya (a proper name))

• तपस्विनम् (tapasvinam) - ascetic, practicing austerities (tapas)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Name of a celebrated sage, a disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata.

Note: Sandhi 'ḥ' before vowel 'u' in 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active (lit)

Root vac (2nd class), perfect tense, 3rd person singular active.

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root śru with suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Forms vowel sandhi 'ā' + 'i' = 'e' with 'imām' to make 'śrutvemām'.

इमाम् (imām) - this (feminine, accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Forms vowel sandhi 'ā' + 'i' = 'e' with 'śrutvā' to make 'śrutvemām'.

धर्म-संयुक्ताम् (dharma-saṁyuktām) - connected with natural law, endowed with virtue

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dharma-saṃyukta

dharma-saṁyukta - joined with natural law (dharma), associated with virtue, righteous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+saṃyukta)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• saṃyukta – joined, connected, endowed with, united
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root yuj with prefix sam, suffix kta.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'kathām'.

धर्म-राजः (dharma-rājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Dharma (the deity), often referred to as Dharmarāja. (King of natural law, King of righteousness)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma-rāja

dharma-rāja - king of natural law (dharma), king of righteousness; an epithet of Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

Note: Sandhi 'ḥ' is retained before 'k'.

कथाम् (kathām) - story, tale, narrative

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kathā

kathā - story, tale, narrative, discourse

Root: kath (class 10)

शुभाम् (śubhām) - auspicious, excellent, beautiful

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śubhā

śubhā - auspicious, excellent, beautiful, radiant

Feminine stem of śubha.

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kathām'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, moreover, then

(indeclinable)

पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked, inquired

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prach

perfect active (lit)

Root prach (6th class), perfect tense, 3rd person singular active.

Root: prach (class 6)

तम् (tam) - that (masculine, accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'ṛṣim Mārkaṇḍeyam'. Forms sandhi with 'ṛṣim' to make 'tamṛṣim'.

ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage, seer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Forms sandhi with 'tam' to make 'tamṛṣim'.

मार्कण्डेयम् (mārkaṇḍeyam) - The sage Mārkaṇḍeya. (Mārkaṇḍeya (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya

mārkaṇḍeya - Son of Mṛkaṇḍu, name of a celebrated ancient sage.

Patronymic derivation from Mṛkaṇḍu.

Note: Qualifies 'ṛṣim'.

तपस्विनम् (tapasvinam) - ascetic, practicing austerities (tapas)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tapasvin

tapasvin - practicing austerities (tapas), ascetic, devout

Derived from 'tapas' + possessive suffix '-vin'.

Note: Qualifies 'ṛṣim Mārkaṇḍeyam'.