महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-202, verse-22

षण्णामात्मनि नित्यानामिन्द्रियाणां प्रमाथिनाम् ।
यो धीरो धारयेद्रश्मीन्स स्यात्परमसारथिः ॥२२॥

22. ṣaṇṇāmātmani nityānāmindriyāṇāṁ pramāthinām ,
yo dhīro dhārayedraśmīnsa syātparamasārathiḥ.

22. ṣaṇṇām ātmani nityānām indriyāṇām pramāthinām yaḥ
dhīraḥ dhārayet raśmīn saḥ syāt paramasārathiḥ

22. The six senses are constantly present in the individual self (ātman) and are inherently turbulent. Whoever, being wise, can hold their reins, that person would truly be the supreme charioteer.

Words meanings summery:

• षण्णाम् (ṣaṇṇām) - referring to the six senses (of the six)

• आत्मनि (ātmani) - in the individual self (ātman) (in the self, in the soul)

• नित्यानाम् (nityānām) - of those (senses) which are constantly present (of the eternal, of the constantly present)

• इन्द्रियाणाम् (indriyāṇām) - of the senses

• प्रमाथिनाम् (pramāthinām) - of the agitating, of the turbulent, of the disturbing

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• धीरः (dhīraḥ) - wise, steady, patient one

• धारयेत् (dhārayet) - should hold (the reins) (should hold, should restrain, should bear)

• रश्मीन् (raśmīn) - reins (of the senses/horses) (reins, rays)

• सः (saḥ) - referring to the wise person (he)

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, should be

• परमसारथिः (paramasārathiḥ) - the best charioteer, the supreme charioteer

Words meanings and morphology

षण्णाम् (ṣaṇṇām) - referring to the six senses (of the six)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to the six senses.

आत्मनि (ātmani) - in the individual self (ātman) (in the self, in the soul)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Root: an (class 2)

नित्यानाम् (nityānām) - of those (senses) which are constantly present (of the eternal, of the constantly present)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of nitya

nitya - constant, eternal, perpetual, inherent, always existing

इन्द्रियाणाम् (indriyāṇām) - of the senses

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of indriya

indriya - sense organ, faculty of sense

Root: ind

प्रमाथिनाम् (pramāthinām) - of the agitating, of the turbulent, of the disturbing

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of pramāthin

pramāthin - agitating, disturbing, turbulent, churning

Agent noun / Adjective

Derived from pra-math with -in suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: math (class 1)

Note: Qualifies indriyāṇām.

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

धीरः (dhīraḥ) - wise, steady, patient one

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīra

dhīra - wise, steady, patient, firm, brave, intelligent

From √dhī (to think).

Root: dhī (class 1)

धारयेत् (dhārayet) - should hold (the reins) (should hold, should restrain, should bear)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dhārayati

Optative (Potential Mood)

Third person singular, parasmaipada. Causative form of √dhṛ.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

रश्मीन् (raśmīn) - reins (of the senses/horses) (reins, rays)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of raśmi

raśmi - rein, ray, rope, cord

Root: rāś

सः (saḥ) - referring to the wise person (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Subject of syāt.

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Optative (Potential Mood)

Third person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: as (class 2)

परमसारथिः (paramasārathiḥ) - the best charioteer, the supreme charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramasārathi

paramasārathi - supreme charioteer, best charioteer

Compound of parama (supreme) and sārathi (charioteer).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+sārathi)

• parama – supreme, highest, ultimate, best
  adjective
  Superlative degree.
• sārathi – charioteer, driver
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sṛ (class 1)