महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-202, verse-20

षण्णामात्मनि नित्यानामैश्वर्यं योऽधिगच्छति ।
न स पापैः कुतोऽनर्थैर्युज्यते विजितेन्द्रियः ॥२०॥

20. ṣaṇṇāmātmani nityānāmaiśvaryaṁ yo'dhigacchati ,
na sa pāpaiḥ kuto'narthairyujyate vijitendriyaḥ.

20. ṣaṇṇām ātmani nityānām aiśvaryam yaḥ adhigacchati
na saḥ pāpaiḥ kutaḥ anarthaiḥ yujyate vijitendriyaḥ

20. The six senses are constantly present in the individual self (ātman) and are inherent. Whoever attains mastery over these six, that person, having conquered their senses, is not afflicted by evils; how then could they be afflicted by misfortunes?

Words meanings summery:

• षण्णाम् (ṣaṇṇām) - referring to the six senses (of the six)

• आत्मनि (ātmani) - in the individual self (ātman) (in the self, in the soul)

• नित्यानाम् (nityānām) - of those (senses) which are constantly present (of the eternal, of the constantly present)

• ऐश्वर्यम् (aiśvaryam) - mastery, dominion, lordliness, sovereignty

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever, he who

• अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) - attains, obtains, gains

• न (na) - not

• सः (saḥ) - referring to the person who attains mastery (he)

• पापैः (pāpaiḥ) - by sins, by evils

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - how then (implies 'much less') (whence, from where, how then)

• अनर्थैः (anarthaiḥ) - by misfortunes, by calamities, by useless things

• युज्यते (yujyate) - is afflicted (is joined, is connected, is afflicted)

• विजितेन्द्रियः (vijitendriyaḥ) - one who has conquered the senses

Words meanings and morphology

षण्णाम् (ṣaṇṇām) - referring to the six senses (of the six)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to the six senses (indriyas).

आत्मनि (ātmani) - in the individual self (ātman) (in the self, in the soul)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Refers to the individual self.

नित्यानाम् (nityānām) - of those (senses) which are constantly present (of the eternal, of the constantly present)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of nitya

nitya - constant, eternal, perpetual, inherent, always existing

ऐश्वर्यम् (aiśvaryam) - mastery, dominion, lordliness, sovereignty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aiśvarya

aiśvarya - sovereignty, dominion, mastery, power, prosperity

Derived from īśvara (lord, master).

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Object of adhigacchati.

यः (yaḥ) - whoever, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Subject of adhigacchati.

अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) - attains, obtains, gains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of adhigacchati

Present indicative

Third person singular, parasmaipada. From adhi-√gam.

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

सः (saḥ) - referring to the person who attains mastery (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Correlate pronoun.

पापैः (pāpaiḥ) - by sins, by evils

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of pāpa

pāpa - evil, sin, vice, wicked

कुतः (kutaḥ) - how then (implies 'much less') (whence, from where, how then)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial derivation from kim.

अनर्थैः (anarthaiḥ) - by misfortunes, by calamities, by useless things

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anartha

anartha - misfortune, calamity, evil, useless, meaningless

Negation (an) of artha (meaning, purpose, wealth, good).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+artha)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix for words starting with a vowel.
• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, good, object
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 5)

युज्यते (yujyate) - is afflicted (is joined, is connected, is afflicted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of yuj

Present indicative passive

Third person singular, ātmanepada. Passive voice of √yuj.

Root: yuj (class 7)

विजितेन्द्रियः (vijitendriyaḥ) - one who has conquered the senses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vijitendriya

vijitendriya - having conquered the senses, self-controlled

From vi-jita (conquered) and indriya (senses).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vijita+indriya)

• vijita – conquered, subdued
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From vi-√ji.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ji (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty of sense
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ind

Note: Qualifies saḥ.