महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-130, verse-20

ऊरुं राज्ञः समासाद्य कपोतः श्येनजाद्भयात् ।
शरणार्थी तदा राजन्निलिल्ये भयपीडितः ॥२०॥

20. ūruṁ rājñaḥ samāsādya kapotaḥ śyenajādbhayāt ,
śaraṇārthī tadā rājannililye bhayapīḍitaḥ.

20. ūrum rājñaḥ samāsādya kapotaḥ śyenajāt bhayāt
śaraṇārthī tadā rājan nililye bhayapīḍitaḥ

20. O king, then the pigeon, seeking refuge and afflicted by fear, having reached the king's thigh, hid itself from the fear caused by the hawk.

Words meanings summery:

• ऊरुम् (ūrum) - the thigh (thigh)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Uśīnara) (of the king)

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having reached (having reached, having approached, having obtained)

• कपोतः (kapotaḥ) - the pigeon (pigeon, dove)

• श्येनजात् (śyenajāt) - from the hawk (from that born of a hawk, from a hawk (adj. or ablative))

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear

• शरणार्थी (śaraṇārthī) - seeking refuge (seeking refuge, refugee)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

• निलिल्ये (nililye) - hid itself (hid itself, took refuge, dissolved)

• भयपीडितः (bhayapīḍitaḥ) - afflicted by fear (afflicted by fear, fear-stricken)

Words meanings and morphology

ऊरुम् (ūrum) - the thigh (thigh)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ūru

ūru - thigh

Note: Object of 'samāsādya'.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Uśīnara) (of the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Possessive, modifying 'ūrum'.

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having reached (having reached, having approached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (lyap)

Absolutive of sam-ā-√sad

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Connects preceding action to subsequent main verb.

कपोतः (kapotaḥ) - the pigeon (pigeon, dove)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapota

kapota - pigeon, dove

श्येनजात् (śyenajāt) - from the hawk (from that born of a hawk, from a hawk (adj. or ablative))

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of śyenaja

śyenaja - born from a hawk, hawk-born

Compound of śyena (hawk) and ja (born).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śyena+ja)

• śyena – hawk, falcon
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'bhayāt'.

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension

Derived from root √bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Cause of the pigeon's action.

शरणार्थी (śaraṇārthī) - seeking refuge (seeking refuge, refugee)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaraṇārthin

śaraṇārthin - seeking refuge, supplicant, refugee

Compound of śaraṇa (refuge) and arthin (desiring, seeking).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaraṇa+arthin)

• śaraṇa – refuge, shelter, protection
  noun (neuter)
• arthin – desiring, wishing, asking for
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from artha (purpose, object) + in (suffix).

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad + dā suffix.

राजन् (rājan) - O king (vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Addressing the listener.

निलिल्ये (nililye) - hid itself (hid itself, took refuge, dissolved)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of lī

Perfect, Middle Voice

Perfect, 3rd person singular, middle voice of ni-√lī

Prefix: ni

Root: lī (class 4)

Note: Action performed by the pigeon.

भयपीडितः (bhayapīḍitaḥ) - afflicted by fear (afflicted by fear, fear-stricken)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhayapīḍita

bhayapīḍita - afflicted with fear, fear-stricken, terror-struck

Past Passive Participle in a compound

Compound of bhaya (fear) and pīḍita (afflicted, tormented, past participle of √pīḍ).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+pīḍita)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
• pīḍita – afflicted, tormented, oppressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root √pīḍ (to oppress, torment).
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)