महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-130, verse-18

तां देवसमितिं तस्य वासवश्च विशां पते ।
अभ्यगच्छत राजानं ज्ञातुमग्निश्च भारत ॥१८॥

18. tāṁ devasamitiṁ tasya vāsavaśca viśāṁ pate ,
abhyagacchata rājānaṁ jñātumagniśca bhārata.

18. tām devasamitim tasya vāsavaḥ ca viśām pate
abhyagacchata rājānam jñātum agniḥ ca bhārata

18. O lord of the people, O Bhārata, Vāsava (Indra) and Agni approached that assembly of the gods to test that king.

18. הו אדון העם, הו בְּהָארַטַה, אל אותה אסיפת אלים של המלך באו גם אִינְדְרַה וגם אַגְנִי, כדי להכיר אותו,

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (assembly) (that, her, it (feminine accusative singular))

• देवसमितिम् (devasamitim) - assembly of gods (assembly of gods, divine assembly)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (King Uśīnara's) (his, of that)

• वासवः (vāsavaḥ) - Vāsava (Indra)

• च (ca) - and

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people (of the people, of the subjects)

• पते (pate) - O lord (O lord, O master)

• अभ्यगच्छत (abhyagacchata) - approached (approached, went towards)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - the king (Uśīnara) (king)

• ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to test, to ascertain (his virtue) (to know, to understand, to ascertain, to investigate)

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni (the god of fire) (Agni (fire god); fire)

• च (ca) - and

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (assembly) (that, her, it (feminine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to "devasamitim".

देवसमितिम् (devasamitim) - assembly of gods (assembly of gods, divine assembly)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of devasamiti

devasamiti - assembly of gods

Compound of deva (god) and samiti (assembly).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+samiti)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• samiti – assembly, meeting, committee
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: sam

तस्य (tasya) - his (King Uśīnara's) (his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to King Uśīnara, implied from the previous verse.

वासवः (vāsavaḥ) - Vāsava (Indra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsava

vāsava - name of Indra, son of Vasu

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people (of the people, of the subjects)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, community, subject, house

Note: Part of vocative compound 'viśām pate'.

पते (pate) - O lord (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner

Note: Used as a vocative, addressing the listener (Dhṛtarāṣṭra).

अभ्यगच्छत (abhyagacchata) - approached (approached, went towards)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Imperfect, Active Voice

Imperfect, 3rd person plural, active voice of abhi-ā-√gam (or abhi-gam with ā prefix). In epic Sanskrit, -ata can sometimes be a 3rd plural active ending.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

राजानम् (rājānam) - the king (Uśīnara) (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: Refers to King Uśīnara.

ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to test, to ascertain (his virtue) (to know, to understand, to ascertain, to investigate)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive of root √jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Expresses purpose.

अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni (the god of fire) (Agni (fire god); fire)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire; the god Agni

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

Patronymic from Bharata.

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