महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-130, verse-1

लोमश उवाच ।
इह मर्त्यास्तपस्तप्त्वा स्वर्गं गच्छन्ति भारत ।
मर्तुकामा नरा राजन्निहायान्ति सहस्रशः ॥१॥

1. lomaśa uvāca ,
iha martyāstapastaptvā svargaṁ gacchanti bhārata ,
martukāmā narā rājannihāyānti sahasraśaḥ.

1. lomaśa uvāca iha martyāḥ tapaḥ taptvā svargam gacchanti
bhārata martukāmāḥ narāḥ rājan iha āyānti sahasraśaḥ

1. Lomasha said: "Here, O Bharata, mortals perform austerities (tapas) and go to heaven. O King, thousands of people desiring to die come here."

1. לוֹמַשַׁה אמר, הו בְּהָארַטַה, בני תמותה שמתרגלים כאן תרגולי עוצמה רוחנית עולים לשמיים. הו מלך, אנשים שרוצים למות מגיעים לכאן באלפיהם.

Words meanings summery:

• लोमश (lomaśa) - the sage Lomasha (Lomasha)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• इह (iha) - here (in this place/world) (here, in this world, at this place)

• मर्त्याः (martyāḥ) - mortals (mortals, human beings)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat)

• तप्त्वा (taptvā) - having performed austerities (having heated, having performed austerities)

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (heaven, celestial world)

• गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go (they go, they move)

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (an address to Yudhishthira) (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

• मर्तुकामाः (martukāmāḥ) - desiring to die (desirous of dying, wishing to die)

• नराः (narāḥ) - people (men, people)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative address) (O king)

• इह (iha) - here (to this place) (here, in this world, at this place)

• आयान्ति (āyānti) - they come (they come, they approach)

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands (by thousands, in thousands)

Words meanings and morphology

लोमश (lomaśa) - the sage Lomasha (Lomasha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lomaśa

lomaśa - Lomasha (name of a sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

इह (iha) - here (in this place/world) (here, in this world, at this place)

(indeclinable)

मर्त्याः (martyāḥ) - mortals (mortals, human beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of martya

martya - mortal, human being

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - religious austerity, penance, heat

तप्त्वा (taptvā) - having performed austerities (having heated, having performed austerities)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from √tap.

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Forms an absolutive, hence indeclinable.

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (heaven, celestial world)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial abode

गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go (they go, they move)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice of √gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (an address to Yudhishthira) (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

मर्तुकामाः (martukāmāḥ) - desiring to die (desirous of dying, wishing to die)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of martukāma

martukāma - desirous of dying

Compound: martu (desire to die, from desiderative of √mṛ) + kāma (desire)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (martu+kāma)

• martu – to die, death (desire of)
  noun (masculine)
  Desiderative derivative
  From √mṛ (to die), desiderative formation.
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• kāma – desire, wish
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used as a substantive here.

नराः (narāḥ) - people (men, people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person

राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative address) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

इह (iha) - here (to this place) (here, in this world, at this place)

(indeclinable)

आयान्ति (āyānti) - they come (they come, they approach)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of i

Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice of √i with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: i (class 2)

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands (by thousands, in thousands)

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix -śaḥ indicating 'in numbers of'.

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