महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-109, verse-9

वातं चाहूय मा शब्दमित्युवाच स तापसः ।
व्याहरंश्चैव पुरुषो मेघेन विनिवार्यते ॥९॥

9. vātaṁ cāhūya mā śabdamityuvāca sa tāpasaḥ ,
vyāharaṁścaiva puruṣo meghena vinivāryate.

9. vātam ca āhūya mā śabdam iti uvāca sa tāpasaḥ
| vyāharan ca eva puruṣaḥ meghena vinivāryate

9. And having called the wind, that ascetic said, 'Do not make a sound!' For a person who is speaking is indeed obstructed by a cloud.

Words meanings summery:

• वातम् (vātam) - the wind

• च (ca) - and, also

• आहूय (āhūya) - having called

• मा (mā) - not, do not

• शब्दम् (śabdam) - sound

• इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• स (sa) - that, he

• तापसः (tāpasaḥ) - the ascetic

• व्याहरन् (vyāharan) - speaking, uttering

• च (ca) - and, indeed

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, certainly

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person, man

• मेघेन (meghena) - by a cloud

• विनिवार्यते (vinivāryate) - is obstructed, is prevented

Words meanings and morphology

वातम् (vātam) - the wind

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāta

vāta - wind, air, current of air

Derived from root vā (to blow)

Root: vā (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आहूय (āhūya) - having called

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Root hve (to call) with prefix ā, followed by -ya suffix for absolutive.

Prefix: ā

Root: hve (class 1)

मा (mā) - not, do not

(indeclinable)

शब्दम् (śabdam) - sound

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, voice

इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active third person singular

Root vac (to speak), perfect tense, third person singular, active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

स (sa) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तापसः (tāpasaḥ) - the ascetic

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tāpasa

tāpasa - ascetic, hermit

Derived from tapas (austerity)

व्याहरन् (vyāharan) - speaking, uttering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāhṛ

vyāhṛ - to speak, utter, declare

Present active participle

Root hṛ (to take, carry) with prefixes vi and ā. Present active participle.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as a participial adjective modifying puruṣaḥ.

च (ca) - and, indeed

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person, man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male, human being, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

मेघेन (meghena) - by a cloud

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of megha

megha - cloud, rain-cloud

Derived from root mih (to sprinkle, wet)

Root: mih (class 1)

विनिवार्यते (vinivāryate) - is obstructed, is prevented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of vinivāray

Present passive third person singular

Root vṛ (to cover, enclose) in causative form vāray with prefixes vi and ni. Present tense, third person singular, passive voice.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)