महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-109, verse-8

स वै संभाष्यमाणोऽन्यैः कोपाद्गिरिमुवाच ह ।
य इह व्याहरेत्कश्चिदुपलानुत्सृजेस्तदा ॥८॥

8. sa vai saṁbhāṣyamāṇo'nyaiḥ kopādgirimuvāca ha ,
ya iha vyāharetkaścidupalānutsṛjestadā.

8. saḥ vai sambhāṣyamāṇaḥ anyaiḥ kopāt girim uvāca
ha | yaḥ iha vyāharet kaścit upalān utsṛjeḥ tadā

8. He, when conversing with others, would angrily declare to the mountain: "If anyone speaks here, then you must hurl down stones!"

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• सम्भाष्यमाणः (sambhāṣyamāṇaḥ) - being conversed with, being spoken to

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others

• कोपात् (kopāt) - from anger, out of rage

• गिरिम् (girim) - mountain

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely (emphatic particle)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever, which (masculine singular)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, at this place

• व्याहरेत् (vyāharet) - should speak, should utter

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone, someone, whoever

• उपलान् (upalān) - stones, rocks

• उत्सृजेः (utsṛjeḥ) - you should hurl down, you should cast off

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

सम्भाष्यमाणः (sambhāṣyamāṇaḥ) - being conversed with, being spoken to

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sambhāṣyamāṇa

sambhāṣyamāṇa - being spoken with, conversing with

Present Passive Participle (ātmanepada)

Derived from root bhāṣ (to speak) with upasarga sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

कोपात् (kopāt) - from anger, out of rage

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kopa

kopa - anger, wrath, rage

Root: kup (class 4)

गिरिम् (girim) - mountain

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of uvāca

perfect tense

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed, surely (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - whoever, which (masculine singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

इह (iha) - here, in this world, at this place

(indeclinable)

व्याहरेत् (vyāharet) - should speak, should utter

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vyāharet

optative mood

Optative mood (vidhiliṅ), 3rd person singular, active voice. Formed from root hṛ (to carry/utter) with upasargas vi- and ā-.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone, someone, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścit

kaścit - someone, anyone, whoever

Combination of interrogative pronoun kim and indefinite particle cit.

उपलान् (upalān) - stones, rocks

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of upala

upala - stone, rock, gem

उत्सृजेः (utsṛjeḥ) - you should hurl down, you should cast off

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of utsṛjeḥ

optative mood

Optative mood (vidhiliṅ), 2nd person singular, active voice. Formed from root sṛj (to cast) with upasarga ut-.

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)