महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-109, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततः प्रयातः कौन्तेयः क्रमेण भरतर्षभ ।
नन्दामपरनन्दां च नद्यौ पापभयापहे ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tataḥ prayātaḥ kaunteyaḥ krameṇa bharatarṣabha ,
nandāmaparanandāṁ ca nadyau pāpabhayāpahe.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tataḥ prayātaḥ kaunteyaḥ krameṇa
bharatarṣabha nandām aparanandām ca nadyau pāpabhayāpahe

1. Vaiśampāyana said, "Then, O best among the Bhāratas, the son of Kunti (Arjuna) proceeded sequentially to the two rivers, Nanda and Aparanandā, which remove the fear of sin."

1. וַישַׁמְפָּאיַנַה אמר, אז יצא בן קוּנְטִי לדרך בהדרגה, הו מבחר צאצאי בְּהַרַטַה, אל הנהרות נַנְדָה ואַפַּרַנַנְדָה, המסירים את הפחד מחטא.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana, the narrator of the Mahābhārata, addresses King Janamejaya. (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, referring to Vaiśampāyana's narration. (said, spoke)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, indicating a sequence of events. (then, thence, afterwards)

• प्रयातः (prayātaḥ) - proceeded, describing Arjuna's movement. (gone forth, departed, proceeded)

• कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Arjuna, son of Kunti. (son of Kunti)

• क्रमेण (krameṇa) - gradually, indicating the manner of Arjuna's journey. (by sequence, in order, gradually)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - An address to King Janamejaya by Vaiśampāyana. (O bull of Bharatas, O best of Bharatas)

• नन्दाम् (nandām) - The river Nanda. (Nanda (name of a river))

• अपरनन्दाम् (aparanandām) - The river Aparanandā. (Aparanandā (name of a river))

• च (ca) - connects Nanda and Aparanandā. (and)

• नद्यौ (nadyau) - refers to Nanda and Aparanandā. (two rivers)

• पापभयापहे (pāpabhayāpahe) - Describes the beneficial nature of the two rivers. (removing the fear of sin, dispelling the terror of evil)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana, the narrator of the Mahābhārata, addresses King Janamejaya. (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, student of Vyāsa)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, referring to Vaiśampāyana's narration. (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, indicating a sequence of events. (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

प्रयातः (prayātaḥ) - proceeded, describing Arjuna's movement. (gone forth, departed, proceeded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayāta

prayāta - gone forth, departed, set out

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yā' (to go) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Used substantively or as a predicate adjective with an implied 'was'.

कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Arjuna, son of Kunti. (son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti, Arjuna

derived from Kunti + ḍhak (patronymic suffix)

क्रमेण (krameṇa) - gradually, indicating the manner of Arjuna's journey. (by sequence, in order, gradually)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of krama

krama - step, sequence, order, method

Root: kram (class 1)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - An address to King Janamejaya by Vaiśampāyana. (O bull of Bharatas, O best of Bharatas)

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)

नन्दाम् (nandām) - The river Nanda. (Nanda (name of a river))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nandā

nandā - Nanda (a proper name, often of rivers)

Note: Refers to one of the two rivers.

अपरनन्दाम् (aparanandām) - The river Aparanandā. (Aparanandā (name of a river))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of aparanandā

aparanandā - Aparanandā (a proper name, often of rivers)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (apara+nandā)

• apara – other, another, posterior, western
  adjective (masculine)
• nandā – Nanda (a proper name, often of rivers)
  proper noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to the second of the two rivers.

च (ca) - connects Nanda and Aparanandā. (and)

(indeclinable)

नद्यौ (nadyau) - refers to Nanda and Aparanandā. (two rivers)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, dual of nadī

nadī - river

पापभयापहे (pāpabhayāpahe) - Describes the beneficial nature of the two rivers. (removing the fear of sin, dispelling the terror of evil)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, dual of pāpabhayāpaha

pāpabhayāpaha - removing fear of sin, dispelling evil

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+bhaya+apaha)

• pāpa – sin, evil, wicked
  noun (neuter)
• bhaya – fear, terror, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• apaha – removing, taking away, destroying
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'han' (to strike, destroy) with prefix 'apa'
  Prefix: apa
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Adjective modifying 'nadyau'.

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