महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-109, verse-14

नातप्ततपसा शक्यो द्रष्टुमेष महागिरिः ।
आरोढुं वापि कौन्तेय तस्मान्नियतवाग्भव ॥१४॥

14. nātaptatapasā śakyo draṣṭumeṣa mahāgiriḥ ,
āroḍhuṁ vāpi kaunteya tasmānniyatavāgbhava.

14. na ataptatapasā śakyaḥ draṣṭum eṣa mahāgiriḥ
āroḍhum vā api kaunteya tasmāt niyatavāk bhava

14. O son of Kunti, this great mountain cannot be seen or even climbed by anyone who has not performed severe austerities (tapas). Therefore, maintain restrained speech.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अतप्ततपसा (ataptatapasā) - by one who has not performed severe austerities (tapas) (by one who has not performed austerities, by one who has not heated oneself through penance)

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible to be seen/climbed (possible, able to be done)

• द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see (to see, to perceive)

• एष (eṣa) - this (mountain) (this)

• महागिरिः (mahāgiriḥ) - this great mountain (great mountain)

• आरोढुम् (āroḍhum) - to climb (the mountain) (to ascend, to climb)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either, and)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Arjuna (son of Kunti) (O son of Kunti)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• नियतवाक् (niyatavāk) - having restrained speech (having restrained speech, silent)

• भव (bhava) - be (restrained in speech) (be, become)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अतप्ततपसा (ataptatapasā) - by one who has not performed severe austerities (tapas) (by one who has not performed austerities, by one who has not heated oneself through penance)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ataptatapas

ataptatapas - one who has not performed penance/austerities (tapas), without having heated oneself through penance

A negative compound (na + tapta-tapas). 'Tapta' is the past passive participle of the root 'tap' (to heat, to perform austerities). 'Tapas' is the noun for austerity (tapas).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+tapta+tapas)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle, forming a 'nañ-samāsa' (negative compound).
• tapta – heated, burnt, afflicted, performed (of austerities)
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of the root 'tap' (to heat, to perform austerities).
  Root: tap (class 1)
• tapas – austerity (tapas), penance, heat, spiritual fervor
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from the root 'tap' (to heat).
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Modifies an implied person.

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible to be seen/climbed (possible, able to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, able to be done, practicable

Gerundive

Gerundive (karmaṇi kṛtya) from the root 'śak' (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'mahāgiriḥ'.

द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see (to see, to perceive)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of the root 'dṛś' (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

एष (eṣa) - this (mountain) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that (near the speaker)

Note: Declined as masculine nominative singular to agree with 'mahāgiriḥ'.

महागिरिः (mahāgiriḥ) - this great mountain (great mountain)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāgiri

mahāgiri - great mountain, large mountain

Karmadhāraya compound: 'mahā' (great) + 'giri' (mountain).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+giri)

• mahā – great, large, mighty, extensive
  adjective (feminine)
• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)

आरोढुम् (āroḍhum) - to climb (the mountain) (to ascend, to climb)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of the root 'ruh' (to grow, to ascend) with the prefix 'ā' (towards).

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

वा (vā) - or (or, either, and)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Arjuna (son of Kunti) (O son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti, descendant of Kunti

Formed from 'Kuntī' with the 'ḍhak' (अ) suffix, denoting 'descendant of'.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used as an indeclinable adverb meaning 'therefore'.

नियतवाक् (niyatavāk) - having restrained speech (having restrained speech, silent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyatavāc

niyatavāc - having restrained speech, silent, one whose speech is controlled

Bahuvrihi compound: 'niyata' (restrained, controlled) + 'vāc' (speech).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (niyata+vāc)

• niyata – restrained, controlled, disciplined, fixed, regular
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of the root 'yam' (to restrain, control) with the prefix 'ni'.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• vāc – speech, voice, word, language
  noun (feminine)

Note: Used in conjunction with the imperative 'bhava'.

भव (bhava) - be (restrained in speech) (be, become)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)