महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-69, verse-21

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्तस्तथेत्युक्त्वा पाण्डवः सत्यविक्रमः ।
भीष्मद्रोणौ नमस्कृत्य प्रातिष्ठत युधिष्ठिरः ॥२१॥

21. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktastathetyuktvā pāṇḍavaḥ satyavikramaḥ ,
bhīṣmadroṇau namaskṛtya prātiṣṭhata yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

21. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca evam uktaḥ tathā iti uktvā pāṇḍavaḥ
satyavikramaḥ bhīṣmadroṇau namaskṛtya prātiṣṭhata yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

21. Vaiśampāyana said: Thus addressed, Yudhiṣṭhira, the Pāṇḍava known for his true valor, saying 'so be it,' bowed to Bhīṣma and Droṇa and then departed.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of the narrator)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said, addressed

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner, yes

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating direct speech

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the Pāṇḍava (the son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

• सत्यविक्रमः (satyavikramaḥ) - one whose valor is true/unfailing

• भीष्मद्रोणौ (bhīṣmadroṇau) - Bhīṣma and Droṇa (dual)

• नमस्कृत्य (namaskṛtya) - having saluted, having bowed to

• प्रातिष्ठत (prātiṣṭhata) - he set forth, he departed

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of the narrator)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a famous sage, disciple of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Third person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said, addressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told, addressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Yudhiṣṭhira.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner, yes

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating direct speech

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √vac (to speak) with suffix -ktvā

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Acts as a participle, indicating a prior action.

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the Pāṇḍava (the son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu (e.g., Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula, Sahadeva)

patronymic from Pāṇḍu

सत्यविक्रमः (satyavikramaḥ) - one whose valor is true/unfailing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavikrama

satyavikrama - one whose prowess is true, truly valorous, unfailing in valor

Compound of satya (true) and vikrama (valor)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (satya+vikrama)

• satya – true, real, truthful
  adjective (neuter)
• vikrama – valor, prowess, heroism, stride
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi

Note: Qualifies Yudhiṣṭhira.

भीष्मद्रोणौ (bhīṣmadroṇau) - Bhīṣma and Droṇa (dual)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of bhīṣmadroṇa

bhīṣmadroṇa - Bhīṣma and Droṇa (dual compound)

Dvandva compound of Bhīṣma and Droṇa

Compound type : dvandva (bhīṣma+droṇa)

• bhīṣma – Bhīṣma (name of a Kuru patriarch)
  proper noun (masculine)
• droṇa – Droṇa (name of the teacher of the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'namaskṛtya'.

नमस्कृत्य (namaskṛtya) - having saluted, having bowed to

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √kṛ (to do) with prefix namas- (obeisance) and suffix -ya

Prefix: namas

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Acts as a participle, indicating a prior action.

प्रातिष्ठत (prātiṣṭhata) - he set forth, he departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

Imperfect Middle

Third person singular imperfect middle of √sthā with prefix pra- and initial vowel lengthening (augment). The 'ṣ' is due to retroflexion rules.

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira, steady in battle (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

Compound of yudhi (in battle) and sthira (firm, steady).

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable, unmoving
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'prātiṣṭhata'.