महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-57, verse-5

अमित्रतां याति नरोऽक्षमं ब्रुवन्निगूहते गुह्यममित्रसंस्तवे ।
तदाश्रितापत्रपा किं न बाधते यदिच्छसि त्वं तदिहाद्य भाषसे ॥५॥

5. amitratāṁ yāti naro'kṣamaṁ bruva;nnigūhate guhyamamitrasaṁstave ,
tadāśritāpatrapā kiṁ na bādhate; yadicchasi tvaṁ tadihādya bhāṣase.

5. naraḥ akṣamam bruvan nigūhate
guhyam amitrasaṃstave tat
āśritāpatrapā kim na bādhate yat
icchasi tvam tat iha adya bhāṣase

5. A man who speaks inappropriate things (akṣamam) conceals a secret in the company of enemies. Does not the shame arising from such a situation trouble him? Whatever you wish, that you speak here today.

Words meanings summery:

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, human being

• अक्षमम् (akṣamam) - incapable, inappropriate, intolerable

• ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking, saying

• निगूहते (nigūhate) - conceals, hides

• गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret, to be hidden

• अमित्रसंस्तवे (amitrasaṁstave) - in the company of enemies, amidst enemies

• तत् (tat) - referring to the situation described (that, this)

• आश्रितापत्रपा (āśritāpatrapā) - shame arising from or dependent on (that)

• किम् (kim) - interrogative particle, implying 'does not...?' (what, why, whether, indeed)

• न (na) - not, no

• बाधते (bādhate) - troubles, afflicts, hinders

• यत् (yat) - what, which, that

• इच्छसि (icchasi) - you desire, you wish

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore, so

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• भाषसे (bhāṣase) - you speak, you say

Words meanings and morphology

नरः (naraḥ) - man, human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, hero

अक्षमम् (akṣamam) - incapable, inappropriate, intolerable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of akṣama

akṣama - incapable, unable, unfit, impatient, intolerant, inappropriate

Formed with 'a' (negation) and 'kṣama' (able, fit)

Note: Modifies an implied word like 'vacanam' (speech/word).

ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking, saying

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

Root: bru (class 2)

निगूहते (nigūhate) - conceals, hides

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of nigūh

Prefix: ni

Root: gūh (class 1)

गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret, to be hidden

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of guhya

guhya - secret, mystery, to be hidden

Gerundive

Derived from root 'guh' with suffix '-ya'

Root: guh (class 1)

अमित्रसंस्तवे (amitrasaṁstave) - in the company of enemies, amidst enemies

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of amitrasaṃstava

amitrasaṁstava - association/company with enemies, assembly of enemies

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amitra+saṃstava)

• amitra – enemy, non-friend
  noun (masculine)
  Formed with 'a' (negation) and 'mitra' (friend)
• saṃstava – acquaintance, familiarity, praise, company, association
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: stu (class 2)

तत् (tat) - referring to the situation described (that, this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Used here adjectivally before the compound noun.

आश्रितापत्रपा (āśritāpatrapā) - shame arising from or dependent on (that)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āśritāpatrapā

āśritāpatrapā - shame caused by or related to (something)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśrita+apatrapā)

• āśrita – dependent on, resorted to, connected with, based on
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śri (class 1)
• apatrapā – shame, disgrace, embarrassment
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: apa
  Root: trap (class 1)

किम् (kim) - interrogative particle, implying 'does not...?' (what, why, whether, indeed)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

बाधते (bādhate) - troubles, afflicts, hinders

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of bādh

Root: bādh (class 1)

यत् (yat) - what, which, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

इच्छसि (icchasi) - you desire, you wish

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of iṣ

Desiderative stem from root iṣ (often listed as 'icch')

Root: iṣ (class 4)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

तत् (tat) - that, therefore, so

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Used here demonstratively, referring back to 'yat'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

भाषसे (bhāṣase) - you speak, you say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of bhāṣ

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)