महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-57, verse-3

उत्सङ्गेन व्याल इवाहृतोऽसि मार्जारवत्पोषकं चोपहंसि ।
भर्तृघ्नत्वान्न हि पापीय आहुस्तस्मात्क्षत्तः किं न बिभेषि पापात् ॥३॥

3. utsaṅgena vyāla ivāhṛto'si; mārjāravatpoṣakaṁ copahaṁsi ,
bhartṛghnatvānna hi pāpīya āhu;stasmātkṣattaḥ kiṁ na bibheṣi pāpāt.

3. utsaṅgena vyālaḥ iva āhṛtaḥ asi
mārjāravat poṣakam ca upahaṃsi
bhartṛghnatvāt na hi pāpīya āhuḥ
tasmāt kṣattaḥ kim na bibheṣi pāpāt

3. You have been taken into our lap like a snake. And like a cat, you deceive your nurturer. Indeed, they say there is nothing more sinful (pāpīyas) than treachery against one's master. Therefore, O Vidura (kṣattā), why do you not fear sin?

Words meanings summery:

• उत्सङ्गेन (utsaṅgena) - by the lap, in the lap

• व्यालः (vyālaḥ) - snake, beast of prey

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आहृतः (āhṛtaḥ) - brought, taken, offered

• असि (asi) - you are

• मार्जारवत् (mārjāravat) - like a cat

• पोषकम् (poṣakam) - nourisher, nurturer, supporter

• च (ca) - and, also

• उपहंसि (upahaṁsi) - you deceive, you mock

• भर्तृघ्नत्वात् (bhartṛghnatvāt) - from the treachery of killing one's master, because of master-killing

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - indeed, for

• पापीय (pāpīya) - more sinful, worse

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they have said

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• क्षत्तः (kṣattaḥ) - Addressed to Vidura, who held the position of kṣattā (charioteer or chamberlain) (O charioteer, O Vidura)

• किम् (kim) - used interrogatively, 'why?' (what? why?)

• न (na) - not, no

• बिभेषि (bibheṣi) - you fear, you are afraid

• पापात् (pāpāt) - from sin, from evil

Words meanings and morphology

उत्सङ्गेन (utsaṅgena) - by the lap, in the lap

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of utsaṅga

utsaṅga - lap, bosom, embrace, fold

व्यालः (vyālaḥ) - snake, beast of prey

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāla

vyāla - snake, serpent, beast of prey, rogue, wicked person

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

आहृतः (āhṛtaḥ) - brought, taken, offered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āhṛta

āhṛta - brought, fetched, taken, offered, presented

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √hṛ with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Root: as (class 2)

मार्जारवत् (mārjāravat) - like a cat

(indeclinable)

Suffix -vat added to 'mārjāra'

पोषकम् (poṣakam) - nourisher, nurturer, supporter

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of poṣaka

poṣaka - nourisher, nurturer, supporter, fosterer

Derived from root √puṣ

Root: puṣ (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उपहंसि (upahaṁsi) - you deceive, you mock

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of upahans

Prefix: upa

Root: has (class 1)

भर्तृघ्नत्वात् (bhartṛghnatvāt) - from the treachery of killing one's master, because of master-killing

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhartṛghnatva

bhartṛghnatva - the state of killing one's master, treachery towards master

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bhartṛ+ghnatva)

• bhartṛ – master, husband, supporter, sustainer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root √bhṛ
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)
• ghnatva – the state of killing/destroying, destructiveness
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'ghna' (killer) + suffix '-tva' (abstract noun)
  Root: han (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, for

(indeclinable)

पापीय (pāpīya) - more sinful, worse

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāpīyas

pāpīyas - more sinful, worse, more wicked (comparative of pāpa)

Comparative form of 'pāpa'

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they have said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Root: ah (class 2)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Used adverbially as 'therefore'

क्षत्तः (kṣattaḥ) - Addressed to Vidura, who held the position of kṣattā (charioteer or chamberlain) (O charioteer, O Vidura)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṣattṛ

kṣattṛ - charioteer, chamberlain, doorkeeper; Vidura (proper name)

किम् (kim) - used interrogatively, 'why?' (what? why?)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

बिभेषि (bibheṣi) - you fear, you are afraid

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of bhī

Root: bhī (class 3)

पापात् (pāpāt) - from sin, from evil

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, wickedness, vice