महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-57, verse-19

अव्याधिजं कटुकं तीक्ष्णमुष्णं यशोमुषं परुषं पूतिगन्धि ।
सतां पेयं यन्न पिबन्त्यसन्तो मन्युं महाराज पिब प्रशाम्य ॥१९॥

19. avyādhijaṁ kaṭukaṁ tīkṣṇamuṣṇaṁ; yaśomuṣaṁ paruṣaṁ pūtigandhi ,
satāṁ peyaṁ yanna pibantyasanto; manyuṁ mahārāja piba praśāmya.

19. a-vyādhi-jam kaṭukam tīkṣṇam uṣṇam
yaśaḥ-muṣam paruṣam pūti-gandhi
satām peyam yat na pibanti asantaḥ
manyum mahārāja piba pra-śāmya

19. O great king, quell your wrath (manyu)! You must suppress that anger (manyu) which, though not born of illness (avyādhija), is bitter (kaṭuka), sharp (tīkṣṇa), fierce (uṣṇa), destructive of reputation (yaśomuṣa), harsh (paruṣa), and foul-smelling (pūtigandhi). This is the anger that the virtuous (sat) must internalize (literally, 'drink'), but the wicked (asat) do not. Drink (piba) it and become completely calm (praśāmya).

Words meanings summery:

• अ-व्याधि-जम् (a-vyādhi-jam) - not caused by disease, not born of illness

• कटुकम् (kaṭukam) - bitter, pungent, harsh

• तीक्ष्णम् (tīkṣṇam) - sharp, pungent, fierce, severe

• उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - hot, fiery, passionate

• यशः-मुषम् (yaśaḥ-muṣam) - reputation-destroying, fame-robbing

• परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh, rough, cruel, severe

• पूति-गन्धि (pūti-gandhi) - foul-smelling, putrid, stinking

• सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous, of the wise

• पेयम् (peyam) - to be drunk, potable, to be consumed

• यत् (yat) - which, that (relative pronoun)

• न (na) - not, no

• पिबन्ति (pibanti) - they drink

• असन्तः (asantaḥ) - the wicked, the non-virtuous, the bad

• मन्युम् (manyum) - wrath, anger, fury

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king!

• पिब (piba) - drink! (imperative)

• प्र-शाम्य (pra-śāmya) - subside completely, become completely calm, be appeased

Words meanings and morphology

अ-व्याधि-जम् (a-vyādhi-jam) - not caused by disease, not born of illness

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avyādhija

avyādhija - not caused by disease, not born of illness

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyādhi+ja)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• vyādhi – disease, illness, sickness
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born of, produced from, causing
  adjective (neuter)
  suffix from root `jan`
  Root: jan (class 4)

कटुकम् (kaṭukam) - bitter, pungent, harsh

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kaṭuka

kaṭuka - bitter, pungent, acrid, harsh, cruel

तीक्ष्णम् (tīkṣṇam) - sharp, pungent, fierce, severe

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, pungent, fierce, severe, hot, keen

उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - hot, fiery, passionate

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uṣṇa

uṣṇa - hot, warm, fiery, passionate, angry, violent

यशः-मुषम् (yaśaḥ-muṣam) - reputation-destroying, fame-robbing

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yaśomuṣa

yaśomuṣa - reputation-destroying, fame-robbing

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yaśas+muṣa)

• yaśas – fame, glory, reputation, honor
  noun (neuter)
• muṣa – robbing, stealing, plundering
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from root `muṣ`
  Root: muṣ (class 9)

परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh, rough, cruel, severe

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, cruel, severe, unkind

पूति-गन्धि (pūti-gandhi) - foul-smelling, putrid, stinking

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pūtigandhi

pūtigandhi - foul-smelling, putrid, stinking

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pūti+gandhi)

• pūti – stench, foul smell, putrefaction
  noun (feminine)
• gandhi – having smell, smelling of
  adjective (neuter)

सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous, of the wise

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, existing, real, true

Present Active Participle

Derived from root `as` (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as a noun referring to 'the virtuous'.

पेयम् (peyam) - to be drunk, potable, to be consumed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of peya

peya - to be drunk, potable, drinkable, to be consumed

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

Derived from root `pā` (to drink) with suffix `-ya`.

Root: pā (class 1)

यत् (yat) - which, that (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पिबन्ति (pibanti) - they drink

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pā

Present active 3rd plural of `pā`.

Root: pā (class 1)

असन्तः (asantaḥ) - the wicked, the non-virtuous, the bad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asat

asat - non-existent, bad, wicked, untrue

Present Active Participle with negative prefix

Derived from `a` (not) + `sat` (present participle of `as` 'to be').

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• sat – good, virtuous, existing, real
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root `as` (to be).
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as a noun referring to 'the wicked'.

मन्युम् (manyum) - wrath, anger, fury

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of manyu

manyu - wrath, anger, fury, passion, spirit

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārājan

mahārājan - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty, extensive
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

पिब (piba) - drink! (imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of pā

Imperative active 2nd singular of `pā`.

Root: pā (class 1)

प्र-शाम्य (pra-śāmya) - subside completely, become completely calm, be appeased

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of praśam

Imperative active 2nd singular of `pra-śam`.

Prefix: pra

Root: śam (class 4)