महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-57, verse-17

लभ्यः खलु प्रातिपीय नरोऽनुप्रियवागिह ।
अप्रियस्य तु पथ्यस्य वक्ता श्रोता च दुर्लभः ॥१७॥

17. labhyaḥ khalu prātipīya naro'nupriyavāgiha ,
apriyasya tu pathyasya vaktā śrotā ca durlabhaḥ.

17. labhyaḥ khalu prātipīya naraḥ anupriyavāk iha
apriyasya tu pathyasya vaktā śrotā ca durlabhaḥ

17. Indeed, a man who speaks pleasing words (prīti), seeking favor, is easily found in this world. However, both a speaker and a listener of unpleasant but beneficial (pathya) advice are rare.

Words meanings summery:

• लभ्यः (labhyaḥ) - obtainable, to be obtained, available, found

• खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

• प्रातिपीय (prātipīya) - seeking favor, flattering, one who speaks pleasingly

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

• अनुप्रियवाक् (anupriyavāk) - one who speaks pleasing words, pleasant speaker

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

• अप्रियस्य (apriyasya) - of the unpleasant, of what is disagreeable

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

• पथ्यस्य (pathyasya) - of the beneficial, wholesome, salutary

• वक्ता (vaktā) - speaker, announcer

• श्रोता (śrotā) - listener, hearer

• च (ca) - and, also

• दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - difficult to obtain, rare, hard to find

Words meanings and morphology

लभ्यः (labhyaḥ) - obtainable, to be obtained, available, found

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of labhya

labhya - obtainable, to be obtained, available, fit to be attained

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

Derived from root `labh` (to obtain) with suffix `-ya`.

Root: labh (class 1)

खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

प्रातिपीय (prātipīya) - seeking favor, flattering, one who speaks pleasingly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prātipīya

prātipīya - seeking favor, flattering, one who speaks pleasingly (less common, context-derived)

नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

अनुप्रियवाक् (anupriyavāk) - one who speaks pleasing words, pleasant speaker

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anupriyavāc

anupriyavāc - one who speaks pleasing words, pleasant speaker

Compound type : bahuvrihi (anupriya+vāc)

• anupriya – pleasing, agreeable, favorable
  adjective (masculine)
• vāc – speech, word, voice, language
  noun (feminine)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

(indeclinable)

अप्रियस्य (apriyasya) - of the unpleasant, of what is disagreeable

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of apriya

apriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, disliked, hostile

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+priya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable
  adjective (masculine)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

पथ्यस्य (pathyasya) - of the beneficial, wholesome, salutary

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pathya

pathya - beneficial, wholesome, salutary, fit for the way (path)

वक्ता (vaktā) - speaker, announcer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaktṛ

vaktṛ - speaker, announcer, teacher

Agent noun from root `vac`.

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रोता (śrotā) - listener, hearer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrotṛ

śrotṛ - listener, hearer

Agent noun from root `śru`.

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - difficult to obtain, rare, hard to find

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare, hard to find

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+labha)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard (prefix)
  indeclinable
• labha – obtaining, gain, attainment (derived from root labh)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: labh (class 1)