महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-53, verse-4

शकुनिरुवाच ।
योऽन्वेति संख्यां निकृतौ विधिज्ञश्चेष्टास्वखिन्नः कितवोऽक्षजासु ।
महामतिर्यश्च जानाति द्यूतं स वै सर्वं सहते प्रक्रियासु ॥४॥

4. śakuniruvāca ,
yo'nveti saṁkhyāṁ nikṛtau vidhijña;śceṣṭāsvakhinnaḥ kitavo'kṣajāsu ,
mahāmatiryaśca jānāti dyūtaṁ; sa vai sarvaṁ sahate prakriyāsu.

4. śakuniḥ uvāca | yaḥ anveti saṃkhyām
nikṛtau vidhijñaḥ ceṣṭāsu akhinnaḥ kitavaḥ
akṣajāsu | mahāmatiḥ yaḥ ca jānāti
dyūtam sa vai sarvam sahate prakriyāsu

4. Śakuni said: "That gambler (kitava) who follows calculation in deception (nikṛti), is skilled in method (vidhijña), untiring in his maneuvers with dice (akṣajāsū ceṣṭāsu), and is of great intellect (mahāmati), he indeed endures everything in the processes (of gambling)."

Words meanings summery:

• शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - The maternal uncle of Duryodhana, known for his skill in dice. (Śakuni (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Śakuni said (said, spoke)

• यः (yaḥ) - that (gambler) who (who, which)

• अन्वेति (anveti) - follows (calculation) (follows, goes after, applies)

• संख्याम् (saṁkhyām) - calculation (in gambling) (calculation, number, enumeration, understanding)

• निकृतौ (nikṛtau) - in (the act of) deception (in deception, in humiliation, in fraud)

• विधिज्ञः (vidhijñaḥ) - skilled in method (of gambling) (knowing the rule, skilled in method, expert in law)

• चेष्टासु (ceṣṭāsu) - in (his) maneuvers (in actions, in efforts, in maneuvers)

• अखिन्नः (akhinnaḥ) - untiring (in maneuvers) (untiring, unwearied, fresh)

• कितवः (kitavaḥ) - a gambler (the subject of the relative clause) (a gambler, a cheat)

• अक्षजासु (akṣajāsu) - in (matters related to) dice (in dice-born (things), in dice-related matters)

• महामतिः (mahāmatiḥ) - of great intellect (of great intellect, very wise)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to the gambler) (who, which)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• जानाति (jānāti) - knows (gambling) (knows, understands)

• द्यूतम् (dyūtam) - the art/science of gambling (gambling)

• स (sa) - he (that gambler) (he, that)

• वै (vai) - indeed (particle of emphasis) (indeed, surely)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all difficulties/situations) (all, everything)

• सहते (sahate) - endures (all difficulties) (endures, tolerates, overcomes)

• प्रक्रियासु (prakriyāsu) - in (all) the processes (of gambling) (in procedures, in processes, in methods)

Words meanings and morphology

शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - The maternal uncle of Duryodhana, known for his skill in dice. (Śakuni (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - a bird, Śakuni (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - Śakuni said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active indicative

third person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - that (gambler) who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

relative pronoun

अन्वेति (anveti) - follows (calculation) (follows, goes after, applies)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of anv-i

present active indicative

third person singular present active of anu + √i

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

संख्याम् (saṁkhyām) - calculation (in gambling) (calculation, number, enumeration, understanding)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃkhyā

saṁkhyā - calculation, number, enumeration, understanding, reason

from sam + √khyā

Prefix: sam

Root: khyā (class 2)

निकृतौ (nikṛtau) - in (the act of) deception (in deception, in humiliation, in fraud)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of nikṛti

nikṛti - deception, fraud, humiliation, mischief

from ni + √kṛ

Prefix: ni

Root: kṛ (class 8)

विधिज्ञः (vidhijñaḥ) - skilled in method (of gambling) (knowing the rule, skilled in method, expert in law)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhijña

vidhijña - knowing the rule, skilled in method, expert in law, clever

upapada compound of vidhi + √jñā

Compound type : upapada-tatpurusha (vidhi+jña)

• vidhi – rule, method, ordinance, fate
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from √jñā
  Root: jñā (class 9)

चेष्टासु (ceṣṭāsu) - in (his) maneuvers (in actions, in efforts, in maneuvers)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of ceṣṭā

ceṣṭā - action, effort, movement, maneuver

from √ceṣṭ

Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

अखिन्नः (akhinnaḥ) - untiring (in maneuvers) (untiring, unwearied, fresh)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akhinna

akhinna - not weary, untiring, fresh, active

nañ-tatpurusha compound (a + khinna)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+khinna)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• khinna – weary, tired, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √khid
  Root: khid (class 7)

कितवः (kitavaḥ) - a gambler (the subject of the relative clause) (a gambler, a cheat)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kitava

kitava - gambler, cheat, rogue, dice

Note: This is the main noun for 'yaḥ'.

अक्षजासु (akṣajāsu) - in (matters related to) dice (in dice-born (things), in dice-related matters)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, plural of akṣaja

akṣaja - dice-born, dice-produced, derived from senses

tatpurusha compound akṣa + jā (born from)

Compound type : tatpurusha (akṣa+ja)

• akṣa – die (for gambling), axle, eye, sense organ
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  from √jan
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'ceṣṭāsu', meaning maneuvers related to dice.

महामतिः (mahāmatiḥ) - of great intellect (of great intellect, very wise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāmati

mahāmati - great intellect, very wise, of great understanding

bahuvrihi compound (mahā + mati)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+mati)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  stem of mahat
• mati – mind, intelligence, thought, intention
  noun (feminine)
  from √man
  Root: man (class 4)

यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to the gambler) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

relative pronoun

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

जानाति (jānāti) - knows (gambling) (knows, understands)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of jñā

present active indicative

third person singular present active of √jñā (9th class)

Root: jñā (class 9)

द्यूतम् (dyūtam) - the art/science of gambling (gambling)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dyūta

dyūta - gambling, game of dice, played

Past Passive Participle

From √div, meaning 'to play'.

Root: div (class 4)

स (sa) - he (that gambler) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

demonstrative pronoun

वै (vai) - indeed (particle of emphasis) (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all difficulties/situations) (all, everything)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

सहते (sahate) - endures (all difficulties) (endures, tolerates, overcomes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of sah

present middle indicative

third person singular present middle (ātmanepada) of √sah

Root: sah (class 1)

प्रक्रियासु (prakriyāsu) - in (all) the processes (of gambling) (in procedures, in processes, in methods)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of prakriyā

prakriyā - procedure, method, process, arrangement

from pra + √kṛ

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the various maneuvers and steps in gambling.