महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-14, verse-7

भीम उवाच ।
अनारम्भपरो राजा वल्मीक इव सीदति ।
दुर्बलश्चानुपायेन बलिनं योऽधितिष्ठति ॥७॥

7. bhīma uvāca ,
anārambhaparo rājā valmīka iva sīdati ,
durbalaścānupāyena balinaṁ yo'dhitiṣṭhati.

7. bhīmaḥ uvāca | anārambhaparaḥ rājā valmīkaḥ iva sīdati
| durbalaḥ ca anupāyena balinam yaḥ adhitiṣṭhati

7. Bhīma said: "A king who avoids initiating actions decays like an anthill. Similarly, a weak person who, without proper means, tries to confront a strong opponent (will also fail)."

Words meanings summery:

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - The proper name of one of the Pāṇḍava brothers. (Bhīma (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• अनारम्भपरः (anārambhaparaḥ) - devoted to non-initiative, averse to enterprise

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• वल्मीकः (valmīkaḥ) - anthill, termitary

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• सीदति (sīdati) - decays, sinks, perishes, becomes exhausted

• दुर्बलः (durbalaḥ) - weak, feeble

• च (ca) - and, also

• अनुपायेन (anupāyena) - without means, by improper means

• बलिनम् (balinam) - a strong opponent (a strong one, powerful person)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which, that

• अधितिष्ठति (adhitiṣṭhati) - confronts or stands against (a strong opponent) (stands over, presides over, occupies, confronts, attacks)

Words meanings and morphology

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - The proper name of one of the Pāṇḍava brothers. (Bhīma (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, formidable, Bhīma (proper name)

Masculine nominative singular.

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, active voice.

3rd person singular perfect active.

Root: vac (class 2)

अनारम्भपरः (anārambhaparaḥ) - devoted to non-initiative, averse to enterprise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anārambhapara

anārambhapara - devoted to non-commencement, averse to enterprise

Compound formed with 'an' (negation), 'ārambha' (beginning/enterprise) and 'para' (devoted to).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (an+ārambha+para)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• ārambha – beginning, undertaking, enterprise
  noun (masculine)
  From ā- + rabh-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: rabh (class 1)
• para – chief, intent on, devoted to, supreme
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'rājā'.

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

n-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject.

वल्मीकः (valmīkaḥ) - anthill, termitary

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of valmīka

valmīka - anthill, termitary, mound

Note: Compared to the king.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

Note: Indicates simile.

सीदति (sīdati) - decays, sinks, perishes, becomes exhausted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of sad

Present indicative, active voice.

3rd person singular present active.

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Verb for the king's decay.

दुर्बलः (durbalaḥ) - weak, feeble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durbala

durbala - weak, feeble, powerless

Compound: dur- (bad, difficult) + bala (strength).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+bala)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the second clause (implied verb 'sīdati').

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects the two ideas.

अनुपायेन (anupāyena) - without means, by improper means

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anupāya

anupāya - want of means, impropriety of means, without expedient

Compound: an- (not) + upāya (means, expedient).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+upāya)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• upāya – means, expedient, measure
  noun (masculine)
  From upa- + i- (to go)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Indicates the manner.

बलिनम् (balinam) - a strong opponent (a strong one, powerful person)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty

Possessive adjective from bala (strength).

Note: Object of 'adhitiṣṭhati'.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the clause 'yo'dhitiṣṭhati'.

अधितिष्ठति (adhitiṣṭhati) - confronts or stands against (a strong opponent) (stands over, presides over, occupies, confronts, attacks)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of adhitiṣṭhā

Present indicative, active voice.

3rd person singular present active.

Prefix: adhi

Root: sthā (class 1)