महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-14, verse-3

कथं परानुभावज्ञः स्वं प्रशंसितुमर्हति ।
परेण समवेतस्तु यः प्रशस्तः स पूज्यते ॥३॥

3. kathaṁ parānubhāvajñaḥ svaṁ praśaṁsitumarhati ,
pareṇa samavetastu yaḥ praśastaḥ sa pūjyate.

3. katham para-anubhāva-jñaḥ svam praśaṃsitum arhati
| pareṇa samavetaḥ tu yaḥ praśastaḥ saḥ pūjyate

3. How can one who understands the power and qualities of others praise oneself? However, a person praised by another is truly revered.

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• पर-अनुभाव-ज्ञः (para-anubhāva-jñaḥ) - one who knows the power/influence of others

• स्वम् (svam) - oneself

• प्रशंसितुम् (praśaṁsitum) - to praise, to extol

• अर्हति (arhati) - is able, is worthy, deserves

• परेण (pareṇa) - by another, by others

• समवेतः (samavetaḥ) - joined with (praise by) another (united, assembled, endowed with)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• प्रशस्तः (praśastaḥ) - praised, excellent, commended

• सः (saḥ) - he

• पूज्यते (pūjyate) - is honored, is revered, is worshipped

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

पर-अनुभाव-ज्ञः (para-anubhāva-jñaḥ) - one who knows the power/influence of others

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parānubhāvajña

parānubhāvajña - knowing the power/greatness/feelings of others

Compound (tatpuruṣa or bahuvrīhi).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+anubhāva+jña)

• para – other, another, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• anubhāva – power, dignity, majesty, experience, feeling
  noun (masculine)
  From anu-√bhū (to experience, to perceive).
  Prefix: anu
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• jña – knowing, conversant with, a knower
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  From √jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to the subject of the sentence, implied 'he'.

स्वम् (svam) - oneself

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sva

sva - one's own, self

Reflexive pronoun/adjective.

प्रशंसितुम् (praśaṁsitum) - to praise, to extol

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of pra-√śaṃs (to praise, to commend).

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

अर्हति (arhati) - is able, is worthy, deserves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of arh

present tense

3rd person singular present active of √arh (class 1).

Root: arh (class 1)

परेण (pareṇa) - by another, by others

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of para

para - other, another, different, supreme

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'praśastaḥ'.

समवेतः (samavetaḥ) - joined with (praise by) another (united, assembled, endowed with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samaveta

samaveta - come together, assembled, united, endowed with, combined

Past Passive Participle

From sam-ava-√i (to come together, to meet).

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Used predicatively.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Conjunction, often indicating contrast.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun, nominative singular masculine.

प्रशस्तः (praśastaḥ) - praised, excellent, commended

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praśasta

praśasta - praised, lauded, excellent, auspicious

Past Passive Participle

From pra-√śaṃs (to praise).

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative singular masculine. Correlative to 'yaḥ'.

पूज्यते (pūjyate) - is honored, is revered, is worshipped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of pūj

present tense

3rd person singular present passive of √pūj (class 10 or denominative).

Root: pūj (class 10)