महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-14, verse-16

एवं सर्वान्वशे चक्रे जरासंधः शतावरान् ।
तं दुर्बलतरो राजा कथं पार्थ उपैष्यति ॥१६॥

16. evaṁ sarvānvaśe cakre jarāsaṁdhaḥ śatāvarān ,
taṁ durbalataro rājā kathaṁ pārtha upaiṣyati.

16. evam sarvān vaśe cakre jarāsaṃdhaḥ śatāvarān
tam durbalataraḥ rājā katham pārtha upaiṣyati

16. Thus, Jarāsandha brought all, numbering at least one hundred, under his control. O Pārtha, how will a weaker king approach him?

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (kings, implied) (all, everyone)

• वशे (vaśe) - under control, in power, obedient

• चक्रे (cakre) - he brought (under control) (he made, he did, he accomplished)

• जरासंधः (jarāsaṁdhaḥ) - Jarāsandha (proper noun)

• शतावरान् (śatāvarān) - (kings) numbering at least one hundred (at least a hundred, having a hundred as a minimum)

• तम् (tam) - referring to Jarāsandha (him, that)

• दुर्बलतरः (durbalataraḥ) - weaker, more feeble

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

• पार्थ (pārtha) - addressing Arjuna (O Pārtha (son of Pṛthā, i.e., Arjuna))

• उपैष्यति (upaiṣyati) - he will approach, he will go to, he will encounter

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (kings, implied) (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with an implied masculine noun (e.g., 'kings').

वशे (vaśe) - under control, in power, obedient

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - will, control, power, authority, subjection

Note: Used idiomatically with 'kṛ' (to make) to mean 'to bring under control'.

चक्रे (cakre) - he brought (under control) (he made, he did, he accomplished)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

perfect tense, middle voice, 3rd person singular of root 'kṛ'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

जरासंधः (jarāsaṁdhaḥ) - Jarāsandha (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jarāsaṃdha

jarāsaṁdha - Jarāsandha (name of a powerful king)

शतावरान् (śatāvarān) - (kings) numbering at least one hundred (at least a hundred, having a hundred as a minimum)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śatāvara

śatāvara - having a hundred as a minimum, at least a hundred

compound of śata (hundred) and avara (lower, minimum)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śata+avara)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• avara – lower, inferior, younger, minimum
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'sarvān' and implicitly with 'kings'.

तम् (tam) - referring to Jarāsandha (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: masculine accusative singular of 'tad'

दुर्बलतरः (durbalataraḥ) - weaker, more feeble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durbalatara

durbalatara - weaker, more feeble, less powerful

comparative degree of durbala (weak)

Note: Agrees with 'rājā'.

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

(indeclinable)

पार्थ (pārtha) - addressing Arjuna (O Pārtha (son of Pṛthā, i.e., Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), name of Arjuna or Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma

derivative from Pṛthā

उपैष्यति (upaiṣyati) - he will approach, he will go to, he will encounter

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of upe

future tense, active voice, 3rd person singular of root 'i' with prefix 'upa'

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Root 'i' (to go) combines with 'upa' and undergoes guṇa to 'e' before conjugation.