महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-14, verse-14

रत्नभाजो हि राजानो जरासंधमुपासते ।
न च तुष्यति तेनापि बाल्यादनयमास्थितः ॥१४॥

14. ratnabhājo hi rājāno jarāsaṁdhamupāsate ,
na ca tuṣyati tenāpi bālyādanayamāsthitaḥ.

14. ratnabhājaḥ hi rājānaḥ jarāsaṃdham upāsate na
ca tuṣyati tena api bālyāt anayam āsthitaḥ

14. Indeed, kings who offer valuable possessions attend upon Jarāsandha. Yet, he, having resorted to improper conduct since childhood, is not satisfied even by that.

Words meanings summery:

• रत्नभाजः (ratnabhājaḥ) - kings who offer valuable possessions or tribute (possessors of jewels, receivers of tribute, sharing in wealth)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely, because

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings, rulers

• जरासंधम् (jarāsaṁdham) - Jarāsandha (proper noun)

• उपासते (upāsate) - they serve or attend upon Jarāsandha (they attend upon, they serve, they worship, they resort to)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• तुष्यति (tuṣyati) - he is satisfied, he is pleased

• तेन (tena) - by that (tribute/service) (by that, by him)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• बाल्यात् (bālyāt) - from childhood, from youth, because of immaturity

• अनयम् (anayam) - improper conduct (impropriety, ill-conduct, bad policy, misfortune)

• आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - having adopted (improper conduct) (resorted to, adopted, established, standing)

Words meanings and morphology

रत्नभाजः (ratnabhājaḥ) - kings who offer valuable possessions or tribute (possessors of jewels, receivers of tribute, sharing in wealth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ratnabhāj

ratnabhāj - possessing jewels, sharing in wealth, receiving tribute

compound of ratna (jewel) and bhāj (sharing, possessing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratna+bhāj)

• ratna – jewel, gem, treasure, valuable possession
  noun (neuter)
• bhāj – partaking of, possessing, sharing, receiving
  adjective (masculine)
  from root bhaj (to divide, to share, to partake)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rājānaḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely, because

(indeclinable)

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings, rulers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

जरासंधम् (jarāsaṁdham) - Jarāsandha (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jarāsaṃdha

jarāsaṁdha - Jarāsandha (name of a powerful king)

उपासते (upāsate) - they serve or attend upon Jarāsandha (they attend upon, they serve, they worship, they resort to)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of upās

root 'ās' (2nd class, adādi) with prefix 'upa'

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तुष्यति (tuṣyati) - he is satisfied, he is pleased

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tuṣ

present tense, active voice, 3rd person singular of root 'tuṣ'

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

तेन (tena) - by that (tribute/service) (by that, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: masculine instrumental singular of 'tad', referring to the kings' service

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

बाल्यात् (bālyāt) - from childhood, from youth, because of immaturity

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bālya

bālya - childhood, youth, childishness, immaturity

from bāla (child) + ya (suffix)

Note: Used to indicate cause or origin: 'from childhood'.

अनयम् (anayam) - improper conduct (impropriety, ill-conduct, bad policy, misfortune)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anaya

anaya - impropriety, ill-conduct, bad policy, misfortune, want of conduct

compound of a (not) + naya (conduct, policy)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+naya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• naya – conduct, policy, proper behavior, leading
  noun (masculine)
  from root nī (to lead)
  Root: nī (class 1)

आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - having adopted (improper conduct) (resorted to, adopted, established, standing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsthita

āsthita - situated, standing, adopted, resorted to, performed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'sthā' with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adjective modifying the implied subject (Jarāsandha).