महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-7, verse-13

तस्मिंस्तु कौरवेन्द्रे तं तथा ब्रुवति पाण्डवम् ।
सर्वेषामवरोधानामार्तनादो महानभूत् ॥१३॥

13. tasmiṁstu kauravendre taṁ tathā bruvati pāṇḍavam ,
sarveṣāmavarodhānāmārtanādo mahānabhūt.

13. tasmin tu kauravendre tam tathā bruvati pāṇḍavam
sarveṣām avarodhanām ārtanādaḥ mahān abhūt

13. tasmin kauravendre taṃ pāṇḍavam tathā bruvati
tu sarveṣām avarodhanām mahān ārtanādaḥ abhūt

13. When that lord of the Kauravas spoke thus to the son of Pāṇḍu, a great cry of distress arose from all the women in the inner chambers.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - at that (moment), at that (point) (in that, on that, at that)

• तु (tu) - indeed, moreover (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• कौरवेन्द्रे (kauravendre) - when the lord of the Kauravas (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (in the lord of the Kauravas)

• तम् (tam) - him (the son of Pāṇḍu, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira) (him, that)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner (as described previously in the narrative) (thus, so, in that manner)

• ब्रुवति (bruvati) - while speaking (speaking, saying)

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - to Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Pāṇḍu (to the son of Pāṇḍu)

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• अवरोधनाम् (avarodhanām) - of the women of the inner chambers (of the women of the inner apartments, of the harems)

• आर्तनादः (ārtanādaḥ) - a great cry of distress (a cry of distress, lamentation)

• महान् (mahān) - a great (cry) (great, large, mighty)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - arose, occurred (was, became, happened)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - at that (moment), at that (point) (in that, on that, at that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to kauravendre

तु (tu) - indeed, moreover (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

कौरवेन्द्रे (kauravendre) - when the lord of the Kauravas (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (in the lord of the Kauravas)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kauravendra

kauravendra - lord of the Kauravas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kaurava+indra)

• kaurava – descendant of Kuru
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best
  noun (masculine)

तम् (tam) - him (the son of Pāṇḍu, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to pāṇḍavam

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner (as described previously in the narrative) (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवति (bruvati) - while speaking (speaking, saying)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √brū (to speak), class 2 verb.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Agrees with kauravendre

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - to Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Pāṇḍu (to the son of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

A patronymic derived from Pāṇḍu.

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with avarodhanām

अवरोधनाम् (avarodhanām) - of the women of the inner chambers (of the women of the inner apartments, of the harems)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of avarodhana

avarodhana - inner apartment, harem; women of the harem

Prefix: ava

Root: rudh (class 7)

आर्तनादः (ārtanādaḥ) - a great cry of distress (a cry of distress, lamentation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārtanāda

ārtanāda - cry of distress, wail

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ārta+nāda)

• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √ṛ (to go, to move), causative (arpayati) then participle. Or from √ārt (to suffer).
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• nāda – cry, sound, roar
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nad (class 1)

महान् (mahān) - a great (cry) (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with ārtanādaḥ

अभूत् (abhūt) - arose, occurred (was, became, happened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist, 3rd person singular

Aorist form from root √bhū, signifying a past event.

Root: bhū (class 1)