महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-5, verse-18

आत्मनस्तु हितं मुख्यं प्रतिकर्तव्यमद्य मे ।
गान्धार्याश्चैव राजेन्द्र तदनुज्ञातुमर्हसि ॥१८॥

18. ātmanastu hitaṁ mukhyaṁ pratikartavyamadya me ,
gāndhāryāścaiva rājendra tadanujñātumarhasi.

18. ātmanaḥ tu hitaṃ mukhyaṃ pratikartavyaṃ adya me
gāndhāryāḥ ca eva rājendra tat anujñātum arhasi

18. rājendra tu adya me ātmanaḥ ca gāndhāryāḥ eva
mukhyaṃ hitaṃ pratikartavyaṃ tat anujñātum arhasi

18. But now, O king of kings (rājendra), my primary duty is to act for my own welfare and also for Gandhari. You ought to permit that.

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self, of myself

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• हितं (hitaṁ) - welfare, good, beneficial thing

• मुख्यं (mukhyaṁ) - principal, main, chief

• प्रतिकर्तव्यं (pratikartavyaṁ) - the primary action that needs to be performed for one's welfare (what is to be done, duty, action to be performed)

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• मे (me) - by me, for me

• गान्धार्याः (gāndhāryāḥ) - of Gandhari

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, precisely

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - Addressing a powerful ruler, here Yudhiṣṭhira (O king of kings, O best of kings)

• तत् (tat) - that

• अनुज्ञातुम् (anujñātum) - to permit, to allow

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you deserve, you are able

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self, of myself

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual, mind

Root: an (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

हितं (hitaṁ) - welfare, good, beneficial thing

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - benefited, suitable, good, salutary; welfare, good

Past Passive Participle

Irregular past passive participle of √dhā (to place, do) with substitution 'hi'

Root: dhā (class 3)

मुख्यं (mukhyaṁ) - principal, main, chief

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mukhya

mukhya - principal, chief, primary, foremost, important

प्रतिकर्तव्यं (pratikartavyaṁ) - the primary action that needs to be performed for one's welfare (what is to be done, duty, action to be performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratikartavya

pratikartavya - to be done in return, to be counteracted, to be performed, obligation, duty

Gerundive

From prefix prati- + √kṛ (to do) + tavya pratyaya

Prefix: prati

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - by me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

गान्धार्याः (gāndhāryāḥ) - of Gandhari

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of gāndhārī

gāndhārī - Gandhari (wife of Dhritarashtra, mother of the Kauravas)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - Addressing a powerful ruler, here Yudhiṣṭhira (O king of kings, O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, best of kings, supreme ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra (chief of the gods); best, excellent, supreme
  noun (masculine)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अनुज्ञातुम् (anujñātum) - to permit, to allow

(verb)

infinitive of anujñā

Infinitive

Infinitive form from prefix anu- + √jñā (to know, to permit)

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you deserve, you are able

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of √arh

Root: arh (class 1)