महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-31, verse-12

सा ह्यग्रेऽगच्छत तयोर्दंपत्योर्हतपुत्रयोः ।
कर्षन्ती तौ ततस्ते तां दृष्ट्वा संन्यपतन्भुवि ॥१२॥

12. sā hyagre'gacchata tayordaṁpatyorhataputrayoḥ ,
karṣantī tau tataste tāṁ dṛṣṭvā saṁnyapatanbhuvi.

12. sā hi agre agacchata tayoḥ dampatyoḥ hata-putrayoḥ
karṣantī tau tataḥ te tām dṛṣṭvā samnyapatan bhuvi

12. sā hi agre agacchata tayoḥ dampatyoḥ hata-putrayoḥ
tau karṣantī tataḥ te tām dṛṣṭvā bhuvi samnyapatan

12. Indeed, she walked ahead, leading that bereaved couple. Then, seeing her, they fell to the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she (Kunti) (she)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• अग्रे (agre) - in front (in front, before, first)

• अगच्छत (agacchata) - she walked (she went, she proceeded)

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of that couple (of those two, their)

• दम्पत्योः (dampatyoḥ) - of the couple (Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Gāndhārī) (of the husband and wife, of the couple)

• हत-पुत्रयोः (hata-putrayoḥ) - of the couple who had lost their sons (of those whose sons are killed, of the bereaved couple)

• कर्षन्ती (karṣantī) - leading (drawing, pulling, leading)

• तौ (tau) - them two (Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Gāndhārī) (those two, them two)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore)

• ते (te) - they (the couple, Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Gāndhārī) (they, those two (masculine/feminine dual nominative, or masculine plural nominative))

• ताम् (tām) - her (Kunti) (her, that (feminine))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• सम्न्यपतन् (samnyapatan) - they fell down (to the ground) (they fell down)

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground (on the ground, on earth)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she (Kunti) (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Subject of 'agacchata' and 'karṣantī'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

अग्रे (agre) - in front (in front, before, first)

(indeclinable)

Locative singular used adverbially.

Note: Adverbial usage.

अगच्छत (agacchata) - she walked (she went, she proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice (Ātmanepada)

Root 'gam' takes 'gacch' stem in present system.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The Ātmanepada form 'agacchata' is used.

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of that couple (of those two, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to 'dampatyoḥ'.

दम्पत्योः (dampatyoḥ) - of the couple (Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Gāndhārī) (of the husband and wife, of the couple)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of dampati

dampati - husband and wife, a couple, master of the house

Compound of 'dama' (house) + 'pati' (master).

Compound type : dvandva (dama+pati)

• dama – house, home
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, husband, lord
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Gāndhārī.

हत-पुत्रयोः (hata-putrayoḥ) - of the couple who had lost their sons (of those whose sons are killed, of the bereaved couple)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, dual of hata-putra

hata-putra - one whose sons are killed/lost

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+putra)

• hata – killed, slain, lost, destroyed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'han' (to strike, kill) + 'kta' suffix.
  Root: han (class 2)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'dampatyoḥ'.

कर्षन्ती (karṣantī) - leading (drawing, pulling, leading)

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of karṣant

karṣant - drawing, pulling, dragging, leading

Present Active Participle

From root 'kṛṣ' (to draw, pull) + 'śatṛ' suffix.

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to Kunti.

तौ (tau) - them two (Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Gāndhārī) (those two, them two)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'karṣantī'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that).

ते (te) - they (the couple, Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Gāndhārī) (they, those two (masculine/feminine dual nominative, or masculine plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the couple (Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Gāndhārī).

ताम् (tām) - her (Kunti) (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'. Refers to Kunti.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'dṛś' (to see) + 'ktvā' suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सम्न्यपतन् (samnyapatan) - they fell down (to the ground) (they fell down)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samnipat

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice

From 'sam-ni-' + root 'pat' (to fall). The 'n' is doubled after 'sam'.

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Though 'te' refers to two people (dual), plural is sometimes used for emphasis or collective action.

भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground (on the ground, on earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, place, world

u-stem feminine noun.

Root: bhū (class 1)