महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-31, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततस्ते पाण्डवा दूरादवतीर्य पदातयः ।
अभिजग्मुर्नरपतेराश्रमं विनयानताः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tataste pāṇḍavā dūrādavatīrya padātayaḥ ,
abhijagmurnarapaterāśramaṁ vinayānatāḥ.

1. Vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca | tataḥ te Pāṇḍavāḥ dūrāt avatīrya
padātayaḥ | abhijagmuḥ narapateḥ āśramam vinayānatāḥ

1. Vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca tataḥ dūrāt avatīrya padātayaḥ
vinayānatāḥ te Pāṇḍavāḥ narapateḥ āśramam abhijagmuḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then, those Pāṇḍavas, having descended from afar and being on foot, approached the hermitage (āśrama) of the king, bowed with humility.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - the sage Vaiśampāyana, the narrator of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• ते (te) - those (Pāṇḍavas) (those, they)

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the sons of Pāṇḍu, the protagonists of the Mahābhārata (the Pāṇḍavas)

• दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar, from a distance

• अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - having descended, after getting down

• पदातयः (padātayaḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas, who were on foot (foot-soldiers, those on foot, pedestrians)

• अभिजग्मुः (abhijagmuḥ) - they approached, they went towards

• नरपतेः (narapateḥ) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the king (of the king, of the lord of men)

• आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage, retreat, आश्रम

• विनयानताः (vinayānatāḥ) - bowed with humility, humble

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - the sage Vaiśampāyana, the narrator of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Vaiśampāyana

Vaiśampāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

perfect active

root √vac (to speak), perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

adverb derived from pronoun tad

ते (te) - those (Pāṇḍavas) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, those, they

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the sons of Pāṇḍu, the protagonists of the Mahābhārata (the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of Pāṇḍava

Pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, name of the five brothers

दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar, from a distance

(indeclinable)

often used as an indeclinable or adverb in ablative case

अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - having descended, after getting down

(indeclinable)

gerund (absolutive)

formed from root √tṝ (to cross, descend) with prefix ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: tṝ (class 1)

पदातयः (padātayaḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas, who were on foot (foot-soldiers, those on foot, pedestrians)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of padāti

padāti - infantry, footman, pedestrian

अभिजग्मुः (abhijagmuḥ) - they approached, they went towards

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of abhijagmuḥ

perfect active

root √gam (to go) with prefix abhi-, perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

नरपतेः (narapateḥ) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the king (of the king, of the lord of men)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of narapati

narapati - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+pati)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage, retreat, आश्रम

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, monastic retreat, a stage of life

Root: śram (class 4)

विनयानताः (vinayānatāḥ) - bowed with humility, humble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vinayānata

vinayānata - bowed through humility, modest

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vinaya+ānata)

• vinaya – modesty, humility, discipline
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: nī (class 1)
• ānata – bowed, bent, humble
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  formed from root √nam (to bow) with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: nam (class 1)