महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-84, verse-19

तत्र गान्धारराजेन युद्धमासीन्महात्मनः ।
घोरं शकुनिपुत्रेण पूर्ववैरानुसारिणा ॥१९॥

19. tatra gāndhārarājena yuddhamāsīnmahātmanaḥ ,
ghoraṁ śakuniputreṇa pūrvavairānusāriṇā.

19. tatra gāndhārarājena yuddham āsīt mahātmanaḥ
ghoram śakuniputreṇa pūrvavairānusāriṇā

19. There, a fierce battle ensued for the great-souled (mahātman) Arjuna with the king of Gandhāra, Śakuni's son, who was driven by past enmity.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - in the region of Gandhāra (there, in that place)

• गान्धारराजेन (gāndhārarājena) - by the king of Gandhāra

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - for Arjuna (of the great-souled one, for the great-souled one)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

• शकुनिपुत्रेण (śakuniputreṇa) - by the son of Śakuni

• पूर्ववैरानुसारिणा (pūrvavairānusāriṇā) - following past enmity, driven by former hostility

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - in the region of Gandhāra (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the region of Gandhāra.

गान्धारराजेन (gāndhārarājena) - by the king of Gandhāra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gāndhārarāja

gāndhārarāja - king of Gandhāra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gāndhāra+rājan)

• gāndhāra – Gandhāra (a country and its people)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of the battle.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'āsīt'.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, from √as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: The augment 'a' is present.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - for Arjuna (of the great-souled one, for the great-souled one)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, eminent person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, fierce, dreadful

Note: Adjective modifying 'yuddham'.

शकुनिपुत्रेण (śakuniputreṇa) - by the son of Śakuni

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śakuniputra

śakuniputra - son of Śakuni

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śakuni+putra)

• śakuni – Śakuni (a proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrumental, indicates the opposing party in the battle, parallel to 'gāndhārarājena'.

पूर्ववैरानुसारिणा (pūrvavairānusāriṇā) - following past enmity, driven by former hostility

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pūrvavairānusārin

pūrvavairānusārin - following old enmity, harbouring old revenge

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+vaira+anusārin)

• pūrva – former, prior, previous
  adjective (masculine)
• vaira – enmity, hostility
  noun (neuter)
• anusārin – following, pursuing, conforming to
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from √sṛ with anu
  Agent noun ending in -in, from anu-√sṛ (to follow)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'śakuniputreṇa'.