महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-84, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
मागधेनार्चितो राजन्पाण्डवः श्वेतवाहनः ।
दक्षिणां दिशमास्थाय चारयामास तं हयम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
māgadhenārcito rājanpāṇḍavaḥ śvetavāhanaḥ ,
dakṣiṇāṁ diśamāsthāya cārayāmāsa taṁ hayam.

1. vaiśampāyana uvāca | māgadhena arcitaḥ rājan pāṇḍavaḥ
śvetavāhanaḥ | dakṣiṇām diśam āsthāya cārayāmāsa tam hayam

1. Vaiśampāyana said: O King, the Pāṇḍava Arjuna, known for his white steeds, after being honored by the king of Magadha, took his position in the southern direction and caused that horse to wander.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - The sage Vaiśampāyana (narrating the Mahabharata to King Janamejaya) (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Said (by Vaiśampāyana) (said, spoke)

• मागधेन (māgadhena) - By the king of Magadha (by the Magadhan; by the king of Magadha)

• अर्चितः (arcitaḥ) - Honored (by the king of Magadha) (honored, worshipped, respected)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Janamejaya! (O king!)

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna, one of the Pāṇḍavas (son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

• श्वेतवाहनः (śvetavāhanaḥ) - Arjuna, whose chariot is drawn by white horses (having white steeds/horses)

• दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - The southern direction (southern, right)

• दिशम् (diśam) - The southern direction (direction, quarter, point of the compass)

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - Having taken his stand (in the southern direction) (having taken one's stand, having resorted to, having taken up)

• चारयामास (cārayāmāsa) - Arjuna caused the horse to wander (caused to wander, made to roam, drove)

• तम् (tam) - That (horse) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• हयम् (hayam) - The sacrificial horse (horse)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - The sage Vaiśampāyana (narrating the Mahabharata to King Janamejaya) (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - name of a sage, pupil of Vyasa

Note: Often used with 'uvāca' (said).

उवाच (uvāca) - Said (by Vaiśampāyana) (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

मागधेन (māgadhena) - By the king of Magadha (by the Magadhan; by the king of Magadha)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of māgadha

māgadha - an inhabitant of Magadha, a king of Magadha, belonging to Magadha

Derived from Magadha (name of a kingdom)

अर्चितः (arcitaḥ) - Honored (by the king of Magadha) (honored, worshipped, respected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arcita

arcita - honored, worshipped, respected, adored

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'arc' (to honor, worship)

Root: arc (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King Janamejaya! (O king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna, one of the Pāṇḍavas (son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, one of the five Pāṇḍava brothers

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu

Note: Refers to Arjuna in this context.

श्वेतवाहनः (śvetavāhanaḥ) - Arjuna, whose chariot is drawn by white horses (having white steeds/horses)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvetavāhana

śvetavāhana - having white steeds/horses; an epithet of Arjuna

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śveta+vāhana)

• śveta – white, pure
  adjective (masculine)
• vāhana – vehicle, mount, steed, bearer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'vah' (to carry)
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Epithet of Arjuna.

दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - The southern direction (southern, right)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇā

dakṣiṇā - southern, right; the south direction, gift to priests

Note: Agrees with 'diśam'.

दिशम् (diśam) - The southern direction (direction, quarter, point of the compass)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky, point of the compass

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - Having taken his stand (in the southern direction) (having taken one's stand, having resorted to, having taken up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'sthā' with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

चारयामास (cārayāmāsa) - Arjuna caused the horse to wander (caused to wander, made to roam, drove)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of car

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular (causative)

Causative form of root 'car' (to move), in perfect tense.

Root: car (class 1)

तम् (tam) - That (horse) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'hayam'.

हयम् (hayam) - The sacrificial horse (horse)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of haya

haya - horse, steed