महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-84, verse-10

स तं जित्वा महाराज नैषादिं पाकशासनिः ।
अर्चितः प्रययौ भूयो दक्षिणं सलिलार्णवम् ॥१०॥

10. sa taṁ jitvā mahārāja naiṣādiṁ pākaśāsaniḥ ,
arcitaḥ prayayau bhūyo dakṣiṇaṁ salilārṇavam.

10. saḥ tam jitvā mahārāja naiṣādim pākaśāsaniḥ
arcitaḥ prayayau bhūyaḥ dakṣiṇam salilārṇavam

10. mahārāja,
saḥ pākaśāsaniḥ tam naiṣādim jitvā arcitaḥ bhūyaḥ dakṣiṇam salilārṇavam prayayau

10. O great king, having conquered that Niṣāda, the son of Indra (Arjuna), being honored, proceeded again to the southern ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Arjuna) (he, that)

• तम् (tam) - him (the Niṣāda from the previous verse) (him, that)

• जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (vocative, addressing Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

• नैषादिम् (naiṣādim) - the Niṣāda (person/king) (a Niṣāda, belonging to the Niṣādas)

• पाकशासनिः (pākaśāsaniḥ) - Arjuna, son of Indra (son of Pakaśāsana (Indra))

• अर्चितः (arcitaḥ) - being honored (honored, worshipped, adorned)

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - proceeded (went forth, proceeded, departed)

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further (again, further, more)

• दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - southern (southern, right)

• सलिलार्णवम् (salilārṇavam) - ocean (ocean of water, ocean)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Arjuna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

तम् (tam) - him (the Niṣāda from the previous verse) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the defeated opponent.

जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

root ji + tvā suffix

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (vocative, addressing Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

compound of mahat and rājan

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adressing the listener.

नैषादिम् (naiṣādim) - the Niṣāda (person/king) (a Niṣāda, belonging to the Niṣādas)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naiṣādi

naiṣādi - a Niṣāda (member of a tribal group), belonging to the Niṣādas

derived from Niṣāda, referring to a person or king of that group

Note: Object of 'jitvā'.

पाकशासनिः (pākaśāsaniḥ) - Arjuna, son of Indra (son of Pakaśāsana (Indra))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pākaśāsani

pākaśāsani - son of Pakaśāsana (Indra), i.e., Arjuna

derived from Pākaśāsana (an epithet of Indra), denoting offspring

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

अर्चितः (arcitaḥ) - being honored (honored, worshipped, adorned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arcita

arcita - honored, worshipped, respected

Past Passive Participle

root arc + kta suffix

Root: arc (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Pākaśāsaniḥ.

प्रययौ (prayayau) - proceeded (went forth, proceeded, departed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pra-yā

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

reduplicated perfect form of root yā with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further (again, further, more)

(indeclinable)

comparative of 'bahu', used adverbially

दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - southern (southern, right)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dakṣiṇa

dakṣiṇa - southern, right, skillful

Note: Qualifies salilārṇavam.

सलिलार्णवम् (salilārṇavam) - ocean (ocean of water, ocean)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of salilārṇava

salilārṇava - ocean of water, ocean

compound of salila and arṇava

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (salila+arṇava)

• salila – water
  noun (neuter)
• arṇava – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of motion for 'prayayau'.