महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-84, verse-17

ततः स पश्चिमं देशं समुद्रस्य तदा हयः ।
क्रमेण व्यचरत्स्फीतं ततः पञ्चनदं ययौ ॥१७॥

17. tataḥ sa paścimaṁ deśaṁ samudrasya tadā hayaḥ ,
krameṇa vyacaratsphītaṁ tataḥ pañcanadaṁ yayau.

17. tataḥ saḥ paścimam deśam samudrasya tadā hayaḥ
krameṇa vyacarat sphītam tataḥ pañcanadam yayau

17. Then, the horse gradually traversed the prosperous western region by the ocean. From there, it proceeded to the land of Pañcanada.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from there

• सः (saḥ) - he (the horse) (he, that)

• पश्चिमम् (paścimam) - western, western region

• देशम् (deśam) - region, country, place

• समुद्रस्य (samudrasya) - of the ocean, of the sea

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• हयः (hayaḥ) - horse

• क्रमेण (krameṇa) - gradually, in sequence, in order

• व्यचरत् (vyacarat) - traversed, wandered, roamed

• स्फीतम् (sphītam) - prosperous, extensive, swollen, flourishing

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from there

• पञ्चनदम् (pañcanadam) - the region of five rivers (Punjab)

• ययौ (yayau) - went, proceeded, reached

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from there

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he (the horse) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the horse.

पश्चिमम् (paścimam) - western, western region

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paścima

paścima - western, hindmost, last

Note: Adjective modifying 'deśam'.

देशम् (deśam) - region, country, place

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - region, country, place

Note: Object of traversal.

समुद्रस्य (samudrasya) - of the ocean, of the sea

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

Note: Indicates location relative to the ocean.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

हयः (hayaḥ) - horse

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of haya

haya - horse

Note: Subject of the verbs.

क्रमेण (krameṇa) - gradually, in sequence, in order

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of krama

krama - step, course, order, sequence

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Indicates the manner of action.

व्यचरत् (vyacarat) - traversed, wandered, roamed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vi-car

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, from √car with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

स्फीतम् (sphītam) - prosperous, extensive, swollen, flourishing

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sphīta

sphīta - swollen, increased, prosperous, extensive

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √sphāy (to swell, increase)

Root: sphāy (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'deśam'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from there

(indeclinable)

पञ्चनदम् (pañcanadam) - the region of five rivers (Punjab)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pañcanada

pañcanada - the region of five rivers (Punjab)

Compound type : dvigu (pañcan+nada)

• pañcan – five
  numeral
• nada – river, stream
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'yayau'.

ययौ (yayau) - went, proceeded, reached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of yā

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, from √yā

Root: yā (class 2)