महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-61, verse-17

पितापि तव धर्मज्ञ गर्भे तस्मिन्महामते ।
अवर्धत यथाकालं शुक्लपक्षे यथा शशी ॥१७॥

17. pitāpi tava dharmajña garbhe tasminmahāmate ,
avardhata yathākālaṁ śuklapakṣe yathā śaśī.

17. pitā api tava dharmajña garbhe tasmin mahāmate
avardhata yathākālam śuklapakṣe yathā śaśī

17. dharmajña mahāmate tava pitā api tasmin garbhe
yathākālam śuklapakṣe yathā śaśī avardhata

17. Your father, O knower of constitutional law (dharma), O highly intelligent one, also grew in that womb in due course, just as the moon (śaśī) grows during the bright fortnight.

Words meanings summery:

• पिता (pitā) - your father (father)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even)

• तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

• धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - O knower of constitutional law (vocative) (knower of dharma, righteous)

• गर्भे (garbhe) - in the womb (in the womb, in the interior)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (womb) (in that, in him)

• महामते (mahāmate) - O highly intelligent one (vocative) (O great-minded one, O highly intelligent one)

• अवर्धत (avardhata) - grew (grew, increased)

• यथाकालम् (yathākālam) - in due course (in due time, seasonably, according to time)

• शुक्लपक्षे (śuklapakṣe) - during the bright fortnight (in the bright fortnight (of the lunar month))

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

• शशी (śaśī) - the moon

Words meanings and morphology

पिता (pitā) - your father (father)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

अपि (api) - also (also, even)

(indeclinable)

तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - O knower of constitutional law (vocative) (knower of dharma, righteous)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of dharma, expert in righteousness/law

Compound: dharma (law) + jña (knower).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, understanding, knower
  adjective
  Derived from root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira (implied).

गर्भे (garbhe) - in the womb (in the womb, in the interior)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of garbha

garbha - womb, embryo, fetus, interior

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (womb) (in that, in him)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Agrees with 'garbhe'.

महामते (mahāmate) - O highly intelligent one (vocative) (O great-minded one, O highly intelligent one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmat

mahāmat - great-minded, highly intelligent

Compound: mahā (great) + mati (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+mati)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• mati – mind, understanding, intelligence
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root man (to think).
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira (implied).

अवर्धत (avardhata) - grew (grew, increased)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Root vṛdh is ātmanepadi.

यथाकालम् (yathākālam) - in due course (in due time, seasonably, according to time)

(indeclinable)

Compound: yathā (as, according to) + kālam (time).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+kāla)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• kāla – time, season, period
  noun (masculine)

शुक्लपक्षे (śuklapakṣe) - during the bright fortnight (in the bright fortnight (of the lunar month))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śuklapakṣa

śuklapakṣa - the bright fortnight (of a lunar month)

Compound: śukla (bright) + pakṣa (fortnight).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śukla+pakṣa)

• śukla – bright, white, pure
  adjective
• pakṣa – side, wing, party; fortnight (lunar)
  noun (masculine)

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for comparison.

शशी (śaśī) - the moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaśin

śaśin - the moon (lit. having a hare, referring to markings on the moon)