महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-61, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एतच्छ्रुत्वा तु पुत्रस्य वचः शूरात्मजस्तदा ।
विहाय शोकं धर्मात्मा ददौ श्राद्धमनुत्तमम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
etacchrutvā tu putrasya vacaḥ śūrātmajastadā ,
vihāya śokaṁ dharmātmā dadau śrāddhamanuttamam.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca etat śrutvā tu putrasya vacaḥ śūrātmajaḥ
tadā vihāya śokam dharmātmā dadau śrāddham anuttamam

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tu etat putrasya vacaḥ śrutvā dharmātmā
śūrātmajaḥ tadā śokam vihāya anuttamam śrāddham dadau

1. Vaishampayana said: Indeed, having heard these words of his son (Krishna), the righteous-souled (dharmātmā) son of Shura (Vasudeva) then abandoned his sorrow and performed an excellent śrāddha ritual.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaishampayana, the narrator of the Mahabharata to Janamejaya (Vaishampayana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• एतत् (etat) - this (statement/discourse) (this, that)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of his (Vasudeva's) son (Krishna) (of the son)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words (of Krishna) (word, speech)

• शूरात्मजः (śūrātmajaḥ) - Vasudeva, son of Shura (and father of Krishna) (son of Shura)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up)

• शोकम् (śokam) - sorrow (sorrow, grief)

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous-souled (Vasudeva) (righteous-souled, whose nature is righteousness)

• ददौ (dadau) - performed (by giving offerings) (gave, offered)

• श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - a śrāddha ritual (funeral offering, ritual for ancestors)

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - excellent (unsurpassed, excellent, best)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaishampayana, the narrator of the Mahabharata to Janamejaya (Vaishampayana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaishampayana (a proper noun, name of a sage)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

From √vac (to speak), 3rd person singular perfect, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - this (statement/discourse) (this, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Qualifies 'vacaḥ'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From √śru (to hear) + -ktvā suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of his (Vasudeva's) son (Krishna) (of the son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Refers to Krishna.

वचः (vacaḥ) - words (of Krishna) (word, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

From √vac (to speak), r-stem noun

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

शूरात्मजः (śūrātmajaḥ) - Vasudeva, son of Shura (and father of Krishna) (son of Shura)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūrātmaja

śūrātmaja - son of Shura

From śūra (Shura) + ātmaja (son)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śūra+ātmaja)

• śūra – a proper name, valiant
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, born from oneself
  noun (masculine)
  From ātman (self) + √jan (to be born) + -ḍa suffix
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'dadau'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + -dā suffix

विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From vi- + √hā (to abandon) + -ya suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

शोकम् (śokam) - sorrow (sorrow, grief)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation

From √śuc (to grieve)

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vihāya'.

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous-souled (Vasudeva) (righteous-souled, whose nature is righteousness)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous-minded, whose (ātman) is (dharma)

From dharma (righteousness, natural law) + ātman (soul, self)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  From √dhṛ (to support, uphold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – soul, self
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'śūrātmajaḥ'.

ददौ (dadau) - performed (by giving offerings) (gave, offered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dā

Perfect

From √dā (to give), 3rd person singular perfect, active voice

Root: dā (class 3)

श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - a śrāddha ritual (funeral offering, ritual for ancestors)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śrāddha

śrāddha - funeral rite, offering to ancestors

From śraddhā (faith) + -a suffix

Note: Object of 'dadau'.

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - excellent (unsurpassed, excellent, best)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unsurpassed, best, excellent

From an- (not) + uttama (highest, best)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+uttama)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• uttama – highest, best, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  From ut- (up) + √tam (to be exhausted, perfected) or superlative of ud

Note: Qualifies 'śrāddham'.