महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-58, verse-1

जनमेजय उवाच ।
उत्तङ्काय वरं दत्त्वा गोविन्दो द्विजसत्तम ।
अत ऊर्ध्वं महाबाहुः किं चकार महायशाः ॥१॥

1. janamejaya uvāca ,
uttaṅkāya varaṁ dattvā govindo dvijasattama ,
ata ūrdhvaṁ mahābāhuḥ kiṁ cakāra mahāyaśāḥ.

1. janamejaya uvāca uttaṅkāya varam dattvā govindaḥ
dvijasattama ataḥ ūrdhvam mahābāhuḥ kim cakāra mahāyaśāḥ

1. janamejaya uvāca: dvijasattama,
govindaḥ mahābāhuḥ mahāyaśāḥ uttaṅkāya varam dattvā ataḥ ūrdhvam kim cakāra?

1. Janamejaya said: 'O best of brahmins, what did Govinda, the mighty-armed and greatly glorious one, do after giving a boon to Uttaṅka?'

Words meanings summery:

• जनमेजय (janamejaya) - King Janamejaya (the speaker) (Janamejaya (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (to Vaiśampāyana) (said, spoke)

• उत्तङ्काय (uttaṅkāya) - to Uttaṅka (the sage) (to Uttaṅka)

• वरम् (varam) - a boon (boon, blessing, choice)

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - after having given (the boon) (having given)

• गोविन्दः (govindaḥ) - Lord Govinda (Krishna) (Govinda (name of Krishna))

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O Vaiśampāyana, best of twice-born ones (brahmins) (O best of brahmins)

• अतः (ataḥ) - thereafter (after granting the boon) (then, thereafter, from this)

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - thereafter (upwards, above, thereafter)

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed one (Krishna) (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

• किम् (kim) - what (did he do) (what, why)

• चकार (cakāra) - did (he do) (did, made, performed)

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - the greatly glorious one (Krishna) (greatly glorious, very famous)

Words meanings and morphology

जनमेजय (janamejaya) - King Janamejaya (the speaker) (Janamejaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (name of a king, son of Parīkṣit)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (to Vaiśampāyana) (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root vac, conjugated in the perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

उत्तङ्काय (uttaṅkāya) - to Uttaṅka (the sage) (to Uttaṅka)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of uttaṅka

uttaṅka - Uttaṅka (name of a Vedic sage)

Note: Recipient of the boon.

वरम् (varam) - a boon (boon, blessing, choice)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, choice, best, excellent

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dattvā'.

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - after having given (the boon) (having given)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from the root dā, forms an absolutive (gerund).

Root: dā (class 3)

गोविन्दः (govindaḥ) - Lord Govinda (Krishna) (Govinda (name of Krishna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of govinda

govinda - Govinda (a name of Krishna/Vishnu, 'finder of cows')

Note: Subject of 'cakāra'.

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O Vaiśampāyana, best of twice-born ones (brahmins) (O best of brahmins)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best of brahmins, most excellent of the twice-born

Compound of dvija (twice-born, brahmin) and sattama (superlative of sat, best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (a brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of 'sat' (good, existent).

Note: Janamejaya addresses Vaiśampāyana.

अतः (ataḥ) - thereafter (after granting the boon) (then, thereafter, from this)

(indeclinable)

Ablative form of 'idam' used as an indeclinable.

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - thereafter (upwards, above, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage, meaning 'after this'.

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed one (Krishna) (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, having strong arms (an epithet for heroes like Krishna or Arjuna)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahant+bāhu)

• mahant – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: An epithet for Govinda.

किम् (kim) - what (did he do) (what, why)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, whether

Note: Interrogative pronoun, object of 'cakāra'.

चकार (cakāra) - did (he do) (did, made, performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect Active

Root kṛ, conjugated in the perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - the greatly glorious one (Krishna) (greatly glorious, very famous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - greatly glorious, very famous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahant+yaśas)

• mahant – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• yaśas – fame, glory, reputation
  noun (neuter)

Note: An epithet for Govinda.