महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-11, verse-9

स वध्यमानो वज्रेण पृथिव्यां भूरितेजसा ।
विवेश सहसैवापो जग्राह विषयं ततः ॥९॥

9. sa vadhyamāno vajreṇa pṛthivyāṁ bhūritejasā ,
viveśa sahasaivāpo jagrāha viṣayaṁ tataḥ.

9. saḥ vadhyamānaḥ vajreṇa pṛthivyām bhūritejasā
viveśa sahasā eva āpaḥ jagrāha viṣayam tataḥ

9. While being struck by the extremely powerful thunderbolt on earth, Vṛtra suddenly entered the waters. He then seized their domain.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Vṛtra (he, that)

• वध्यमानः (vadhyamānaḥ) - Vṛtra undergoing the assault of the thunderbolt (being struck, being killed, being wounded)

• वज्रेण (vajreṇa) - the means by which Vṛtra was being struck (by the thunderbolt)

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - the location where Vṛtra was being struck (on the earth)

• भूरितेजसा (bhūritejasā) - refers to the powerful nature of the thunderbolt (by great splendor, by great power)

• विवेश (viveśa) - Vṛtra's act of entering the waters (he entered)

• सहसा (sahasā) - Vṛtra's hasty entry into the waters (suddenly, quickly, by force)

• एव (eva) - emphasizing the immediacy of the action (only, just, indeed, quite)

• आपः (āpaḥ) - the water element, oceans, rivers etc. (waters)

• जग्राह (jagrāha) - Vṛtra's act of taking control of the domain (he seized, he grasped)

• विषयम् (viṣayam) - the domain belonging to the waters (the domain, the object, the sphere)

• ततः (tataḥ) - indicating consequence or sequence (then, thereupon, from that)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Vṛtra (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine singular nominative form of the demonstrative pronoun tad.

वध्यमानः (vadhyamānaḥ) - Vṛtra undergoing the assault of the thunderbolt (being struck, being killed, being wounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being struck, being slain

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root √vadh (to strike, kill) with suffix -yamāna (passive participle).

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' (Vṛtra), indicating a concurrent action.

वज्रेण (vajreṇa) - the means by which Vṛtra was being struck (by the thunderbolt)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vajra

vajra - thunderbolt (Indra's weapon); diamond

Note: Instrument of action.

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - the location where Vṛtra was being struck (on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, the Earth goddess

Note: Location.

भूरितेजसा (bhūritejasā) - refers to the powerful nature of the thunderbolt (by great splendor, by great power)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhūritejas

bhūritejas - having great splendor, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhūri+tejas)

• bhūri – much, abundant, great
  adjective (neuter)
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, power, energy
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'vajreṇa'.

विवेश (viveśa) - Vṛtra's act of entering the waters (he entered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of viś

Perfect

Root √viś (to enter), Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada).

Root: viś (class 6)

सहसा (sahasā) - Vṛtra's hasty entry into the waters (suddenly, quickly, by force)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

एव (eva) - emphasizing the immediacy of the action (only, just, indeed, quite)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

आपः (āpaḥ) - the water element, oceans, rivers etc. (waters)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

Note: Object of 'viveśa'.

जग्राह (jagrāha) - Vṛtra's act of taking control of the domain (he seized, he grasped)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of grah

Perfect

Root √grah (to seize), Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada).

Root: grah (class 9)

विषयम् (viṣayam) - the domain belonging to the waters (the domain, the object, the sphere)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣaya

viṣaya - object of sense, sphere, domain, region, subject matter

Prefix: vi

Root: si (class 5)

Note: Object of 'jagrāha'.

ततः (tataḥ) - indicating consequence or sequence (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time/sequence.