महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-11, verse-4

वासुदेव उवाच ।
सर्वं जिह्मं मृत्युपदमार्जवं ब्रह्मणः पदम् ।
एतावाञ्ज्ञानविषयः किं प्रलापः करिष्यति ॥४॥

4. vāsudeva uvāca ,
sarvaṁ jihmaṁ mṛtyupadamārjavaṁ brahmaṇaḥ padam ,
etāvāñjñānaviṣayaḥ kiṁ pralāpaḥ kariṣyati.

4. vāsudeva uvāca sarvam jihmam mṛtyupadam ārjavam brahmaṇaḥ
padam etāvān jñānaviṣayaḥ kim pralāpaḥ kariṣyati

4. vāsudeva uvāca sarvam jihmam mṛtyupadam,
ārjavam brahmaṇaḥ padam etāvān jñānaviṣayaḥ kim pralāpaḥ kariṣyati

4. Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) said: All crookedness is the path to death, while straightforwardness is the state of brahman. This much is the scope of true knowledge; what will useless talk accomplish?

Words meanings summery:

• वासुदेव (vāsudeva) - Kṛṣṇa (Kṛṣṇa (son of Vasudeva))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (spoke, said)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (all, every)

• जिह्मम् (jihmam) - crookedness, deceit (crooked, deceitful, indirect)

• मृत्युपदम् (mṛtyupadam) - path to death (path to death, place of death)

• आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness (straightforwardness, honesty, rectitude)

• ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of brahman (the ultimate reality) (of brahman)

• पदम् (padam) - state, path (path, state, abode)

• एतावान् (etāvān) - this much, this is the extent (this much, so much)

• ज्ञानविषयः (jñānaviṣayaḥ) - scope of true knowledge (subject of knowledge)

• किम् (kim) - what (use)? (what?, why?, of what use?)

• प्रलापः (pralāpaḥ) - useless talk, lamentation (lamentation, idle talk, incoherent speech)

• करिष्यति (kariṣyati) - will accomplish (will do, will make, will accomplish)

Words meanings and morphology

वासुदेव (vāsudeva) - Kṛṣṇa (Kṛṣṇa (son of Vasudeva))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva, Kṛṣṇa

Taddhita (derived from Vasudeva)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense (lakara lit), 3rd person singular

From root vac (to speak), perfect tense form.

Root: vac (class 2)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (all, every)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Predicate adjective for jihmam and mṛtyupadam.

जिह्मम् (jihmam) - crookedness, deceit (crooked, deceitful, indirect)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jihma

jihma - crooked, bent, oblique, dishonest, deceitful

Note: Subject.

मृत्युपदम् (mṛtyupadam) - path to death (path to death, place of death)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mṛtyupada

mṛtyupada - path to death, state of death

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpurusha (mṛtyu+pada)

• mṛtyu – death, mortality
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• pada – foot, step, path, state, abode
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Predicate for jihmam. The verb 'is' is implied.

आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness (straightforwardness, honesty, rectitude)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ārjava

ārjava - straightness, honesty, sincerity, straightforwardness

Derived from ṛju (straight) with aṇ suffix.

Root: ṛj

Note: Subject.

ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of brahman (the ultimate reality) (of brahman)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the Absolute, the ultimate reality, sacred power, universal spirit

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Possessive, modifies padam.

पदम् (padam) - state, path (path, state, abode)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - foot, step, path, state, abode

Root: pad (class 4)

एतावान् (etāvān) - this much, this is the extent (this much, so much)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etāvat

etāvat - this much, so much, of this extent

Indeclinable (as root), but here nominative masculine singular.

Note: Modifies jñānaviṣayaḥ.

ज्ञानविषयः (jñānaviṣayaḥ) - scope of true knowledge (subject of knowledge)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñānaviṣaya

jñānaviṣaya - object of knowledge, subject of knowledge, sphere of knowledge

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpurusha (jñāna+viṣaya)

• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, cognition
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• viṣaya – object, subject, sphere, domain
  noun (masculine)
  Root: viṣ (class 6)

Note: Subject.

किम् (kim) - what (use)? (what?, why?, of what use?)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative particle.

प्रलापः (pralāpaḥ) - useless talk, lamentation (lamentation, idle talk, incoherent speech)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pralāpa

pralāpa - lamentation, idle talk, incoherent speech, meaningless chatter

Derived from root lap (to speak) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Subject of kariṣyati.

करिष्यति (kariṣyati) - will accomplish (will do, will make, will accomplish)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

future tense (lakara lṛṭ), 3rd person singular

From root kṛ (to do), future tense form.

Root: kṛ (class 8)