महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-11, verse-20

इदं धर्मरहस्यं च शक्रेणोक्तं महर्षिषु ।
ऋषिभिश्च मम प्रोक्तं तन्निबोध नराधिप ॥२०॥

20. idaṁ dharmarahasyaṁ ca śakreṇoktaṁ maharṣiṣu ,
ṛṣibhiśca mama proktaṁ tannibodha narādhipa.

20. idam dharmarahasyam ca śakreṇa uktam maharṣiṣu
ṛṣibhiḥ ca mama proktam tat nibodha narādhipa

20. narādhipa idam dharmarahasyam śakreṇa maharṣiṣu
uktam ca ṛṣibhiḥ mama ca proktam tat nibodha

20. O lord of men (narādhipa), this secret of the natural law (dharma) was spoken by Indra (śakra) among the great sages, and it was also told to me by the sages. Learn that now.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this

• धर्मरहस्यम् (dharmarahasyam) - the secret of natural law (dharma), the mystery of dharma

• च (ca) - and, also

• शक्रेण (śakreṇa) - by Indra

• उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken, said, told

• महर्षिषु (maharṣiṣu) - among the great sages

• ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by the sages

• च (ca) - and, also

• मम (mama) - to me, of me

• प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - spoken, declared, proclaimed

• तत् (tat) - that

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand, learn, know

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king, O lord of men

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this (proximal demonstrative pronoun)

धर्मरहस्यम् (dharmarahasyam) - the secret of natural law (dharma), the mystery of dharma

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dharmarahasya

dharmarahasya - the secret of natural law (dharma), the mystery of sacred duty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rahasya)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
  noun (masculine)
• rahasya – secret, mystery, esoteric doctrine
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

शक्रेण (śakreṇa) - by Indra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra (epithet, 'the powerful one')

उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken, said, told

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak), irregular participle

Root: vac (class 2)

महर्षिषु (maharṣiṣu) - among the great sages

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, eminent seer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by the sages

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मम (mama) - to me, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: Can be dative or genitive; here it implies 'to me'.

प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - spoken, declared, proclaimed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prokta

prokta - spoken, declared, proclaimed

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

निबोध (nibodha) - understand, learn, know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of budh

Imperative 2nd person singular

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king, O lord of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - lord of men, king, prince

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)