महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-1, verse-16

समं सर्वेषु भूतेषु वर्तमानं नराधिप ।
अनुजीवन्तु सर्वे त्वां ज्ञातयो ज्ञातिवर्धन ॥१६॥

16. samaṁ sarveṣu bhūteṣu vartamānaṁ narādhipa ,
anujīvantu sarve tvāṁ jñātayo jñātivardhana.

16. samam sarveṣu bhūteṣu vartamānam narādhipa
anujīvantu sarve tvām jñātayaḥ jñātivardhana

16. O ruler of men (narādhipa), O enhancer of kinsmen, may all your relatives thrive under your support, as you are present equally among all beings.

Words meanings summery:

• समम् (samam) - equally, impartially (equally, impartially, uniformly)

• सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all (in all, among all)

• भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - among beings (in beings, among creatures, among elements)

• वर्तमानम् (vartamānam) - being present, existing (present, existing, being)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O ruler of men, O king

• अनुजीवन्तु (anujīvantu) - may they thrive under your support (may they live dependent on, may they thrive under, may they subsist)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (relatives) (all)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (the ruler/king) (you)

• ज्ञातयः (jñātayaḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

• ज्ञातिवर्धन (jñātivardhana) - O enhancer of kinsmen (O augmenter of kinsmen, O enhancer of relatives)

Words meanings and morphology

समम् (samam) - equally, impartially (equally, impartially, uniformly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially, formed from the neuter accusative singular of the adjective 'sama'.

सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all (in all, among all)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Refers to 'bhūteṣu'.

भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - among beings (in beings, among creatures, among elements)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past, happened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhū' (to be, to become).

Root: bhū (class 1)

वर्तमानम् (vartamānam) - being present, existing (present, existing, being)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - present, existing, being, current

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'vṛt' (to be, to exist, to turn) with middle voice ending (-māna).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied object 'tvām'.

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O ruler of men, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler of men, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to the listener.

अनुजीवन्तु (anujīvantu) - may they thrive under your support (may they live dependent on, may they thrive under, may they subsist)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of anujīv

Derived from root 'jīv' (to live) with prefix 'anu'.

Prefix: anu

Root: jīv (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (relatives) (all)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'jñātayaḥ'.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (the ruler/king) (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Note: Object of the implied verb (like 'seeing' or 'depending on').

ज्ञातयः (jñātayaḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - kinsman, relative, family

Note: Subject of 'anujīvantu'.

ज्ञातिवर्धन (jñātivardhana) - O enhancer of kinsmen (O augmenter of kinsmen, O enhancer of relatives)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of jñātivardhana

jñātivardhana - one who augments/increases kinsmen, enhancer of relatives

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jñāti+vardhana)

• jñāti – kinsman, relative, family
  noun (masculine)
• vardhana – augmenting, increasing, causing to prosper, one who causes to prosper
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun (kṛt)
  Derived from root 'vṛdh' (to grow, prosper) with suffix '-ana'.
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Addressed to the listener.